As a typical representative of one-dimensional nanomaterials, silicon nanowires not only have the special properties of semiconductors, but also show different physical properties such as field emission, thermal conductivity, and visible photoluminescence that are different from bulk silicon materials. They are used in nanoelectronic devices and optoelectronics. Devices and new energy sources have huge potential application value. More importantly, silicon nanowires have excellent compatibility with existing silicon technologies and thus have great market application potential. Therefore, silicon nanowires are a new material with great application potential in the field of one-dimensional nanomaterials.

Silicon nanowires have many advantages such as environmental friendliness, biocompatibility, easy surface modification, and compatibility with the semiconductor industry.

Silicon nanowires are important materials for semiconductor biosensors. As an important class of one-dimensional semiconductor nanomaterials, silicon nanowires have their own unique optical properties such as fluorescence and ultraviolet, electrical properties such as field emission, electron transport, thermal conduction, high surface activity, and quantum confinement effects. Nano-devices such as high-performance field effect transistors, single-electron detectors and field emission display devices have good application prospects.
Silicon nanowires have also been widely studied for applications in lithium-ion batteries, thermoelectrics, photovoltaics, nanowire batteries, and non-volatile memory.