I kēia lā, makemake mākou e kaʻana like i kekahi mau mea antibacterial hoʻohana nanoparticles e like me lalo:

1. Nano kala

ʻO ka loina antibacterial o nā mea kālā nano

(1).Hoʻololi i ka permeability o ka membrane cell.ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka bacteria me ke kālā nano hiki ke hoʻololi i ka permeability o ka membrane cell, e alakaʻi ana i ka nalowale o nā meaʻai he nui a me nā metabolites, a ma hope o ka make cell;

(2).Hoʻopilikia ka iona kala i ka DNA

(3).E hoemi i ka hana dehydrogenase.

(4).ʻO ke kaumaha oxidative.Hiki i ke kālā Nano ke hoʻoulu i nā cell e hana i ka ROS, ka mea e hōʻemi hou i ka ʻike o ka coenzyme II (NADPH) oxidase inhibitors (DPI), e alakaʻi ana i ka make cell.

Nā huahana pili: Nano kala kala, kala kala antibacterial wai, ʻaʻakala kālā antibacterial wai

2.Nano zinc oxide 

ʻElua mau hana antibacterial o nano-zinc oxide ZNO:

(1).Photocatalytic antibacterial mechanical.ʻO ia hoʻi, hiki i ka nano-zinc oxide ke decompose i nā electrons i hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi ʻia i ka wai a me ka ea ma lalo o ka irradiation o ka lā, ʻoi aku ka kukui ultraviolet, ʻoiai e waiho ana i nā lua i hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi ʻia, hiki ke hoʻoulu i ka hoʻololi o ka oxygen i ka lewa.He oxygen ikaika ia, a hoʻopaneʻe ia me nā ʻano microorganisms like ʻole, a laila e pepehi i ka bacteria.

(2).ʻO ka hana antibacterial o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i nā ion metala ʻo ia ka hoʻokuʻu mālie ʻana i nā ion zinc.Ke hoʻopili ʻia me ka maʻi bacteria, e hui pū me ka protease ikaika i loko o ka maʻi bacteria e hana ʻole ai, a laila e pepehi ai i ka maʻi bacteria.

3. Nano titanium oxide

Hoʻopau ka Nano-titanium dioxide i ka bacteria ma lalo o ka hana photocatalysis e hoʻokō i ka hopena antibacterial.No ka mea, ua ʻike ʻia ke ʻano uila o ka nano-titanium dioxide e kahi hui valence TiO2 piha a me kahi pahu conduction ʻole, i loko o ka ʻōnaehana o ka wai a me ka ea, ʻike ʻia ka nano-titanium dioxide i ka lā, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kukui ultraviolet, ke hiki aku ka ikehu electron a i ʻole. ʻoi aku ma mua o kona ʻāpana.Hiki ke manawa.Hiki ke hoʻohauʻoli ʻia nā electrons mai ka hui valence a i ka hui conduction, a hoʻokumu ʻia nā lua e pili ana i ka hui valence, ʻo ia hoʻi, hoʻokumu ʻia nā pālua electron a me nā lua.Ma lalo o ka hana o ke kahua uila, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā electrons a me nā lua a neʻe i nā kūlana like ʻole ma ka ʻili o ka particle.He moʻo o ka hopena.ʻO ka oxygen i paʻa ma ka ʻili o TiO2 adsorbs a pahele i nā electrons e hana i ka O2, a ʻo nā radical anion superoxide i hana ʻia (oxidize) me ka hapa nui o nā mea ola.I ka manawa like, hiki iā ia ke hana me ka mea organik i loko o ka bacteria e hoʻohua i ka CO2 a me H2O;ʻoiai e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia nā lua i ka OH a me ka H2O i hoʻopili ʻia ma ka ʻili o TiO2 a i ·OH, ·OH he mana hoʻokahe ikaika, e hoʻouka i nā paʻa unsaturated o ka mea ola a i ʻole ka unuhi ʻana i nā H Atoms e hoʻohua i nā radical manuahi hou, e hoʻoulu i ka hopena kaulahao, a ma hope ke kumu. bacteria e decompose.

4. Nano keleawe,nano copper oxide, nano cuprous oxide

ʻO nā nanoparticles keleawe i hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi ʻia a me nā bacteria i hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi ʻia e hoʻopili i nā nanoparticles keleawe me ka bacteria ma o ka hoʻopiʻi hoʻopiʻi, a laila komo nā nanoparticles keleawe i nā keʻena o ka maʻi bacteria, e haki ana ka paia o ka cell bacteria a kahe ka wai o ka cell. i waho.Ka make o ka bacteria;hiki i nā ʻāpana nano-copper i komo i loko o ka cell i ka manawa like me nā enzyme protein i loko o nā cell bacteria, no laila e hoʻopau ʻia nā enzymes a hoʻopau ʻole ʻia, a laila e pepehi i ka bacteria.

Loaʻa nā mea antibacterial o nā mea keleawe a me nā pūhui keleawe, ʻoiaʻiʻo, he mau ion keleawe lākou a pau i ka sterilizing.

ʻO ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi o ka nui, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hopena antibacterial e pili ana i nā mea antibacterial, ʻo ia ka hopena liʻiliʻi.

5.Grapene

ʻO ka hana antibacterial o nā mea graphene he ʻehā mau hana:

(1).ʻO ka ʻoki kino a i ʻole ka mīkini ʻoki "nano knife";

(2).Ka luku ʻia ʻana o ka maʻi bacteria/membrane ma muli o ke koʻikoʻi oxidative;

(3).ʻO ka poloka transport transmembrane a/a i ʻole ka palaka ulu bacteria ma muli o ka uhi ʻana;

(4).ʻAʻole paʻa ka membrane cell ma ka hoʻokomo ʻana a me ka luku ʻana i ka mea membrane cell.

Wahi a nā mokuʻāina hoʻopili like ʻole o nā mea graphene a me ka bacteria, ʻo nā ʻano hana i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna nei e hana synergistically i ka luku piha ʻana i nā membrane cell (bactericidal effect) a ke kāohi i ka ulu ʻana o ka bacteria (bacteriostatic effect).