Ma keʻano he mau mea ʻike kinoea solid-state, ua hoʻohana nui ʻia nā nano metal oxide semiconductor gas sensor i ka hana ʻoihana, ka nānā ʻana i ke kaiapuni, mālama olakino a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe no ko lākou ʻike kiʻekiʻe, ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa a me ke ana hōʻailona maʻalahi.I kēia manawa, ʻo ka noiʻi e pili ana i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā waiwai ʻike kinoea o ka nano metala oxide sensing material e kālele nui ana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā nanoscale metal oxides, e like me ka nanostructure a me ka hoʻololi doping.

Nano metala oxide semiconductor sensing mea nui SnO2, ZnO, Fe2O3,VO2, In2O3, WO3, TiO2, etc. ʻO nā mea ʻike ka mea i hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā mea ʻike kinoea resistive, ke kūkulu ʻia nei nā mea ʻike kinoea non-resistive.

I kēia manawa, ʻo ke kuhikuhi noiʻi nui ʻo ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā nanomaterials i kūkulu ʻia me kahi ākea ākea nui, e like me nanotubes, nanorod arrays, nanoporous membranes, etc.e hoʻonui i ke kinoea adsorption a me ke kinoea diffusion rate, a pēlā e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka sensitivity a me ka wikiwiki o ka pane. i ke kinoea o na mea.ʻO ka doping elemental o ka metal oxide, a i ʻole ke kūkulu ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana nanocomposite, ka dopant i hoʻokomo ʻia a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana composite hiki ke pāʻani i kahi hana catalytic, a hiki ke lilo i mea lawe kōkua no ke kūkulu ʻana i ka nanostructure, a laila e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka hana holoʻokoʻa holoʻokoʻa o ka sensing. mea waiwai.

1. Hoʻohana ʻia nā mea ʻike kinoea Nano Tin Oxide(SnO2)

Tin oxide (SnO2) he ʻano mea ʻike kinoea maʻamau.Loaʻa iā ia ka naʻau maikaʻi i nā kinoea e like me ka ethanol, H2S a me CO. ʻO kona ʻike kinoea e pili ana i ka nui o ka ʻāpana a me ka ʻili kikoʻī.ʻO ka hoʻomalu ʻana i ka nui o SnO2 nanopowder ke kī i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka ʻike kinoea.

Ma muli o ka mesoporous a me ka macroporous nano tin oxide pauka, ua hoʻomākaukau nā mea noiʻi i nā mea ʻike kiʻiʻoniʻoni mānoanoa i ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka catalytic hana no ka CO oxidation, ʻo ia hoʻi ka ʻoihana ʻike kinoea kiʻekiʻe.Eia kekahi, ua lilo ka hale nanoporous i wahi wela i ka hoʻolālā ʻana i nā mea ʻike kinoea ma muli o kāna SSA nui, ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ke kinoea waiwai a me nā kahawai hoʻoili nui.

2. Hoʻohana ʻia nā mea ʻike kinoea Nano Iron Oxide(Fe2O3)

ʻOka hao (Fe2O3)ʻelua mau ʻano aniani: alpha a me ka gamma, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ia mau mea ʻelua e like me nā mea ʻike kinoea, akā nui nā ʻokoʻa o nā waiwai ʻike kinoea.Aia ka α-Fe2O3 i ka corundum structure, nona ka waiwai kino.Hoʻomalu ʻia ka ʻili o kona ʻano kinoea, a haʻahaʻa kona ʻike.Aia ka γ-Fe2O3 i ka hanana spinel a he metastable.ʻO kāna mīkini ʻike kinoea ʻo ia ka mana o ke kino.

Ke nānā nei ka noiʻi o kēia manawa i ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā kūlana synthesis e hoʻomalu i ka morphology o Fe2O3 nanoparticles, a laila nānā ʻia no nā mea pili kinoea kūpono, e like me α-Fe2O3 nanobeams, porous α-Fe2O3 nanorods, monodisperse α-Fe2O3 nanostructures, mesopores α-Fe2O3 nanomaterials, etc.

3. Hoʻohana ʻia nā mea ʻike kinoea Nano Zinc Oxide(ZnO)
Zinc oxide (ZnO)he mea ma'amau i ho'omalu 'ia i ke kinoea.He kiʻekiʻe ka wela o ka hana a me ka koho maikaʻi ʻole o ka mea ʻike kinoea ZnO, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana ma mua o nā nanopowders SnO2 a me Fe2O3.No laila, ʻo ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka hana hou o ZnO nanomaterials, doping hoʻololi o nano-ZnO e hōʻemi i ka mahana hana a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka koho ʻana ke kumu o ka noiʻi ʻana i nā mea ʻike kinoea nano ZnO.

I kēia manawa, ʻo ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka mea hoʻohālikelike kinoea nano-ZnO kekahi o nā kuhikuhi mua, e like me ZnO single crystal nanorod gas sensors.

4. Hoʻohana ʻia nā mea ʻike kinoea Nano Indium Oxide(In2O3)
Indium oxide (In2O3)he mea ʻike kinoea semiconductor n-type e kū nei.Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me SnO2, ZnO, Fe2O3, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, loaʻa iā ia kahi ākea ākea, resistivity liʻiliʻi a me ka hana catalytic kiʻekiʻe, a me ka naʻau kiʻekiʻe i CO a me NO2.ʻO nā nanomaterials porous i hōʻike ʻia e ka nano In2O3 kekahi o nā wahi hotspots noiʻi hou.Ua kauoha ʻia nā mea noiʻi mesoporous In2O3 ma o ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana i ka hoʻohālikelike silica mesoporous.Loaʻa ka paʻa maikaʻi o nā mea i loaʻa i ka laulā o 450-650 °C, no laila ua kūpono lākou i nā mea ʻike kinoea me nā mahana hana kiʻekiʻe.Paʻa lākou i ka methane a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka nānā ʻana i ka pahū pili.

5. Hoʻohana ʻia nā mea ʻike kinoea Nano Tungsten Oxide (WO3)
WO3 nanoparticleshe mea hoʻololi metala semiconductor mea i aʻo nui ʻia a noi ʻia no kāna waiwai ʻike kinoea maikaʻi.Loaʻa iā Nano WO3 nā hale paʻa e like me triclinic, monoclinic a me orthorhombic.Ua hoʻomākaukau nā mea noiʻi i nā nanoparticles WO3 ma ke ʻano hoʻoheheʻe nano me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mesoporous SiO2 ma ke ʻano he laʻana.Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ka monoclinic WO3 nanoparticles me ka awelika nui o 5 nm i ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kinoea sensing hana, a ʻo nā pālua sensor i loaʻa ma ka electrophoretic deposition o WO3 nanoparticles ʻO nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o NO2 he pane kiʻekiʻe.

Ua synthesized ka mahele homogeneous o ka mahele hexagonal WO3 nanoclusters e ka ion exchange-hydrothermal method.Hōʻike nā hopena hoʻāʻo ʻike kinoea i ka WO3 nanoclustered gas sensor he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa hana, ʻike kiʻekiʻe i ka acetone a me ka trimethylamine a me ka manawa hoʻihoʻi pane kūpono, e hōʻike ana i kahi manaʻo noi maikaʻi o ka mea.

6. Hoʻohana ʻia nā mea ʻike kinoea Nano Titanium Dioxide(TiO2)
Titanium dioxide (TiO2)Loaʻa i nā mea ʻike kinoea nā mea maikaʻi o ke kūpaʻa wela maikaʻi a me ke kaʻina hoʻomākaukau maʻalahi, a ua lilo i mea wela hou no nā mea noiʻi.I kēia manawa, ʻo ka noiʻi ʻana ma ka nano-TiO2 kinoea sensor e kālele ana i ka nanostructure a me ka hana ʻana o nā mea ʻike TiO2 ma o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka nanotechnology e kū nei.No ka laʻana, ua hana ka poʻe noiʻi i nā fibers micro-nano-scale hollow TiO2 ma o ka ʻenehana electrospinning coaxial.Ke hoʻohana nei i ka ʻenehana ahi stagnant premixed, ua hoʻokomo pinepine ʻia ke keʻa electrode i loko o kahi lapalapa stagnant premixed me ka titanium tetraisopropoxide e like me ka precursor, a laila ulu pololei e hana i ka membrane porous me TiO2 nanoparticles, kahi pane koʻikoʻi i ka CO. nanotube array ma ka anodization a pili ia i ka ike ana o SO2.

7. Nano oxide composites no ka mea ike kinoea
Hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia nā waiwai ʻike kinoea o ka nano metal oxides powders sensing material e ka doping, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻoponopono wale i ka conductivity uila o ka mea, akā e hoʻomaikaʻi pū i ke kūpaʻa a me ke koho.ʻO ka doping o nā mea metala makamae he ala maʻamau, a hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā mea e like me Au a me Ag i dopants e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana ʻike kinoea o ka pauka nano zinc oxide.ʻO ka Nano oxide composite gas sensing material ka nui o ka Pd doped SnO2, Pt-doped γ-Fe2O3, a me ka multi-element i hoʻohui ʻia i ka In2O3 hollow sphere sensing material, hiki ke ʻike ʻia ma ka hoʻomalu ʻana i nā mea hoʻohui a me ka ʻike ʻana i ka mahana e ʻike ai i ka ʻike koho o NH3, H2S a me CO. Eia kekahi, ua hoʻololi ʻia ke kiʻi nano WO3 me kahi papa o V2O5 e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ke ʻano porous o ka kiʻi WO3, a laila e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i kona ʻike i ka NO2.

I kēia manawa, ua lilo nā graphene/nano-metal oxide composites i wahi wela i nā mea ʻike kinoea.Ua hoʻohana nui ʻia nā nanocomposites Graphene/SnO2 e like me ka ʻike amonia a me nā mea ʻike NO2.