N'ime afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, ntinye na mmetụta nke nanotechnology na ọgwụ, bioengineering na ụlọ ahịa ọgwụ apụtawo ìhè.Nanotechnology nwere uru na-enweghị atụ na ụlọ ahịa ọgwụ, ọkachasị n'ọhịa nke nnyefe ọgwụ ezubere iche na nke mpaghara, nnyefe ọgwụ mucosal, usoro ọgwụgwọ mkpụrụ ndụ yana ntọhapụ nke protein na polypeptide na-achịkwa.

Ọgwụ na ot onunu ogwu ụdị na-ekesa n'ime ahu mgbe igba ogwu n'akwara, ọnụ ma ọ bụ mpaghara injection, na ego nke ọgwụ na-eru n'ezie ọgwụgwọ lekwasịrị anya ebe bụ nanị a obere akụkụ nke dose, na nkesa nke ọtụtụ ọgwụ ọjọọ eme ihe na-abụghị ebumnuche ebe. ọ bụghị naanị na ọ nweghị mmetụta ọgwụgwọ, ọ ga-ewetakwa mmetụta ndị na-egbu egbu.Ya mere, mmepe nke ụdị usoro onunu ogwu ọhụrụ aghọwo ntụziaka nke mmepe nke ụlọ ahịa ọgwụ ọgbara ọhụrụ, na nyocha nke usoro nnyefe ọgwụ ezubere iche (TDDS) aghọwo ebe dị ọkụ na nyocha ụlọ ahịa ọgwụ.

Tụnyere ọgwụ ndị dị mfe, ndị na-ebu ọgwụ nano nwere ike ịghọta ọgwụgwọ ọgwụ ezubere iche.Nnyefe ọgwụ ezubere iche na-ezo aka na usoro nnyefe ọgwụ nke na-enyere ndị na-ebu, ligands ma ọ bụ ọgwụ mgbochi aka ịhọrọ mpaghara iji wepụta ọgwụ iji lekwasị anụ ahụ, akụkụ ebumnuche, mkpụrụ ndụ ebumnuche ma ọ bụ akụkụ intracellular site na nchịkwa mpaghara ma ọ bụ mgbasa ọbara sistemu.N'okpuru ọrụ nke usoro nduzi a kapịrị ọnụ, onye na-ebu ọgwụ nano na-ebuga ọgwụ ahụ na otu ebumnuche ma nwee mmetụta ọgwụgwọ.Ọ nwere ike nweta ọgwụ dị irè na obere usoro onunu ogwu, mmetụta dị ala, mmetụta ọgwụ na-adịgide adịgide, nnukwu bioavailability, na ogologo oge na-ejigide mmetụta ntinye uche na ebumnuche.

Ezubere iche nkwadebe bụ tumadi ụgbọelu preparations, nke ukwuu n'ime iji ultrafine ahụ, nke nwere ike bibiri kpọkọta ndị a urughuru dispersions na imeju, splin, lymph na akụkụ ndị ọzọ n'ihi anụ ahụ na physiological mmetụta na ahu.TDDS na-ezo aka n'ụdị usoro nnyefe ọgwụ ọhụrụ nke nwere ike itinye uche na ịhazi ọgwụ n'ime anụ ahụ, akụkụ ahụ, sel ma ọ bụ sel ndị ọrịa site na mgbasa ọbara mpaghara ma ọ bụ usoro.

A na-ezubere nkwadebe ọgwụ Nano.Ha nwere ike itinye uche na ọgwụ na mpaghara ebumnuche na-enwechaghị mmetụta na akụkụ ndị na-abụghị ebumnuche.Ha nwere ike imeziwanye uru ọgwụ ọjọọ ma belata mmetụta nke sistemu.A na-ewere ha dị ka ụdị ọgwụgwọ kachasị dabara adaba maka iburu ọgwụ mgbochi ọrịa kansa.Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ụfọdụ ngwaahịa nkwadebe nano ezubere iche dị n'ahịa, na ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke nkwadebe nano ezubere iche dị na ọkwa nyocha, nke nwere atụmanya ngwa ngwa na ọgwụgwọ etuto ahụ.

Akụkụ nke nkwadebe nano ezubere iche:

⊙ Ezubere iche: a na-etinye ọgwụ ahụ na mpaghara ebumnuche;

⊙ Belata usoro onunu ogwu;

⊙ Melite mmetụta ọgwụgwọ;

⊙ Belata mmetụta ọgwụ ike. 

Mmetụta ezubere iche nke nkwadebe nano-ezubere iche nwere njikọ dị ukwuu na nha nha nke nkwadebe ahụ.Ihe ndị na-erughị 100nm nwere ike ịgbakọta na ụmị ọkpụkpụ;Enwere ike ime ka akụkụ nke 100-200nm mee ka ọ baa ọgaranya na saịtị tumor siri ike;ebe 0.2-3um na-ebuli site na macrophages na splin;irighiri ihe> 7 μm na-ejidekarị akwa akwa akpa ume ma banye n'anụ ahụ ma ọ bụ alveoli.Ya mere, dị iche iche nano preparations na-egosi dị iche iche ezubere iche mmetụta n'ihi ọdịiche dị na steeti ọgwụ adị, dị ka urughuru size na elu ụgwọ. 

Ndị na-ebu ndị a na-ejikarị arụ ọrụ nano-platforms maka nyocha na ọgwụgwọ ezubere iche gụnyere:

(1) Ndị na-ebu lipid, dị ka liposome nanoparticles;

(2) Ndị na-ebu polymer, dị ka dendrimer polymer, micelles, polymer vesicles, ngọngọ copolymers, protein nano particles;

(3) Ndị na-ebu inorganic, dị ka ahụ nano silicon dabeere na nanoparticles, carbon dabeere nanoparticles, magnetik nanoparticles, metal nanoparticles, na elu-ngbanwe nanomaterials, wdg.

A na-agbaso ụkpụrụ ndị a n'ozuzu na nhọrọ nke nano ebu:

(1) Ọnụego ibu ọgwụ dị elu yana njirimara ntọhapụ a na-achịkwa;

(2) Nsi na-egbu egbu dị ala na enweghị nzaghachi mgbochi basal;

(3) Ọ nwere ezigbo nkwụsi ike colloidal na nkwụsi ike physiological;

(4) Nkwadebe dị mfe, mmepụta nnukwu ọnụ ọgụgụ dị mfe, na ọnụ ala dị ala 

Usoro ọgwụgwọ Ezubere Nano Gold

ọla edo (Au) nanoparticlesnwere ezigbo mmetụta radieshon na ngwa anya, nke enwere ike itinye nke ọma na ọgwụgwọ redio ezubere iche.Site na nhazi dị mma, ụmụ irighiri ọla edo nano nwere ike ịgbakọ nke ọma n'ime anụ ahụ tumor.Au nanoparticles nwere ike ịkwalite arụmọrụ radieshon na mpaghara a, ma nwekwara ike gbanwee ike ọkụ na-etinye uche na ya ka ọ bụrụ okpomọkụ iji gbuo mkpụrụ ndụ kansa na mpaghara ahụ.N'otu oge ahụ, a pụkwara ịhapụ ọgwụ ndị dị n'elu nano Au ahụ na mpaghara ahụ, na-eme ka mmetụta ọgwụgwọ dịkwuo mma. 

A nwekwara ike gbado anya nanoparticles n'anụ ahụ.A na-akwado Nanopowders site na ijikọ ọgwụ na ihe ferromagnetic, yana iji mmetụta ndọta na vitro na-eduzi mmegharị ntụzịaka na nhazi nke ọgwụ n'ime ahụ.Ihe ndọta a na-ejikarị, dị ka Fe₂O₃, a mụọla ya site na ijikọta mitoxantrone na dextran wee kechie ha na Fe₂O₃ iji kwadebe nanoparticles.Emere nnwale nke ọgwụ na ụmụ oke.Nsonaazụ gosiri na magnetically ezubere iche nanoparticles nwere ike ịbịa ngwa ngwa wee nọrọ na ebe akpụ ahụ, ntinye nke ọgwụ magnetik ezubere iche na saịtị tumor dị elu karịa nke anụ ahụ na ọbara nkịtị.

Fe₃O₄egosila na ọ naghị egbu egbu na ihe nwere ike ime.Dabere na ihe pụrụ iche nke anụ ahụ, kemịkalụ, thermal na magnetik, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles nwere ikike dị ukwuu iji mee ihe n'ọtụtụ mpaghara biomedical, dị ka akara cell, ebumnuche yana dị ka ngwa maka nyocha ihe gbasara ndụ cell, ọgwụgwọ sel dị ka nkewa sel. na ime ka ọ dị ọcha;mmezi anụ ahụ;nnyefe ọgwụ;ihe nleba anya nke magnetik;ọgwụgwọ hyperthermia nke mkpụrụ ndụ cancer, wdg.

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs)nwere usoro oghere pụrụ iche na dayameta nke ime na nke dị n'èzí, nke nwere ike ịmepụta ikike ịbanye cell nke ọma ma nwee ike iji ya dị ka ndị nanocarriers ọgwụ.Na mgbakwunye, carbon nanotubes nwekwara ọrụ nke ịchọpụta etuto ahụ ma na-arụ ọrụ dị mma n'ịka akara.Dịka ọmụmaatụ, carbon nanotubes na-ekere òkè n'ichekwa glands parathyroid n'oge ịwa ahụ thyroid.Enwere ike iji ya dị ka ihe nrịbama nke ọnụ ọnụ lymph n'oge ịwa ahụ, ma nwee ọrụ nke ọgwụ chemotherapy na-ahapụ ngwa ngwa, nke na-enye atụmanya sara mbara maka mgbochi na ọgwụgwọ nke ọrịa cancer colorectal metastasis.

Iji chịkọta, ngwa nke nanotechnology na ngalaba nke nkà mmụta ọgwụ na ụlọ ahịa ọgwụ nwere atụmanya na-egbuke egbuke, ọ ga-emekwa ka mgbanwe mgbanwe nkà na ụzụ ọhụrụ na ngalaba nke nkà mmụta ọgwụ na ụlọ ahịa ọgwụ, iji mee ka onyinye ọhụrụ na-eme ka ahụike mmadụ dịkwuo mma na àgwà nke ndu.