Ọlaedo bụ otu n'ime ihe ndị kacha kwụsie ike na kemịkalụ, na ụmụ irighiri ọla edo nanoscale nwere ihe anụ ahụ na kemịkal pụrụ iche.N'ihe dị ka 1857, Faraday belatara ngwọta mmiri AuCl4 na phosphorus iji nweta ngwọta colloidal na-acha uhie uhie nke ọla edo nanopuders, nke mebiri nghọta ndị mmadụ banyere agba ọla edo.A chọpụtakwara ụmụ irighiri ọla edo nano nwere fluorescence, supramolecular na njirimara njirimara.Ọ bụ kpọmkwem n'ihi njirimara pụrụ iche nke nano gold powders na ha nwere atụmanya ngwa sara mbara nke ukwuu n'ọhịa nke biosensors, photochemical na electrochemical catalysis, na optoelectronic ngwaọrụ.N'ime afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, dabere na ọdịdị nke mgbanwe na-acha uhie uhie nke elu plasmon resonance elu nke Au nanoparticles mgbe adsorption gasịrị, a mụọla DNA na carbohydrate molecules nano Au particles nke a na-amụ ma chọpụta na ọ bara uru n'ọhịa nke mgbochi, nhazi nhazi. na tracer.

Ngwakọta ọla edodị ka ụdị nanoparticles, na-adọta ọtụtụ ebe n'ihi nkwụsi ike ha, homogeneity na biocompatibility.Ngwongwo resonance nke plasmon elu na nchịkọta nke ọla edo nano particles, yana ndabere ha na gburugburu mpụta, na-eme ka a na-eji ya eme ihe na njirimara colorimetric.Ndị agha akọpụtara maka nchịkọta nke ụmụ irighiri ihe Au nano gụnyere hydrogen bonding, mmekọrịta saịtị ionic ligand, nhazi igwe, na nsonye onye ọbịa.N'iji sodium citrate dị ka ihe nkwudo, sodium citrate-gbanwetụrụ ọla edo nanoparticles bụ nke ọma ahazi na-eji dị ka colorimetric nyocha.A na-ebo elu ihe nyocha ọla edo nano na-adịghị mma yana enwere ike ijikọ ya na ụmụ irighiri ihe ebudoro nke ọma site na mmekọrịta electrostatic.Na ngwọta BR buffer na pH 4.6, propranolol na-akwụ ụgwọ nke ọma n'ihi protonation, n'ihi ya, ọ nwere ike ijikọta ya na ọla edo nanoparticles, na-eme ka mgbanwe na agba nke usoro ahụ dị, iji guzobe usoro njirimara colorimetric dị mfe maka propranolol.N'otu oge ahụ, na nchịkọta nke gold nano powders, ike nke RRS nke usoro ahụ ga-abawanye, ya mere, usoro RRS nwere ihe dị mfe fluorescence spectrophotometer dị ka onye na-achọpụta ihe na-eguzobekwa iji nlezianya chọpụta propranolol.Dabere na sodium citrate-modified gold nan oparticles, colorimetric na ụzọ RRS maka mkpebi nke propranolol e guzobere.

Hongwu Nano nwere ogologo okwu na kwụsiri ike ọkọnọ nke elu-edu gold (Au) nano ahụ, mma mmesi obi ike, factory kpọmkwem ahịa, na asọmpi ahịa.Biko egbula oge ịkpọtụrụ anyị maka ozi ndị ọzọ.