1. Mapangidwe a crystalline silicon solar cell akuphatikizapo P-mtundu wa silicon substrate, N-type layer, minus reflection film (TIO2, SIO2 kapena SI3N4), electrode yabwino ya siliva, electrode ya aluminium kumbuyo, ndi electrode yasiliva yammbuyo.ndi elekitirodi siliva kumbuyo amapangidwa ndi siliva conductor phala kudzera chophimba kusindikiza ndi sintering.

2. Conductive phala la maselo dzuwa kumbuyo elekitirodi siliva makamaka wapangidwa kudzera mbali zitatu: conductive ntchito gawo, inorganic binder, organic chonyamulira ndi zipangizo zina.ndi chiyani, ndisiliva ufaimakhala ndi ntchito yabwino yoyendetsera kutentha, ndipo yotsika mtengo ndi yabwino poyerekeza ndi zitsulo zina zamtengo wapatali.Pochita ntchito, pamaziko a chitsimikizo chamagetsi, phala lakumbuyo lasiliva liyeneranso kukhala ndi zomatira zokwanira komanso zovuta zowotcherera.

Zina za Precious Metal Ultrafine Nano Powders zilipo:Au, Pt, Rh, Pd, Ge, Ru, Ir...

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