Platinum gulu zitsulo monga platinamu(Pt), rhodium(Rh), palladium(Pd), ruthenium(Ru), osmium(Os), ndi iridium(Ir), amene ali zitsulo zamtengo wapatali monga golide(Au) ndi siliva (Ag) . Amakhala ndi ma atomiki amphamvu kwambiri, motero amakhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu yolumikizana ndi ma interatomic komanso kusachulukira kwakukulu. Nambala yolumikizira atomiki yamagulu onse a platinamu zitsulo ndi 6, zomwe zimatsimikizira mawonekedwe awo apadera akuthupi ndi mankhwala. Zitsulo zamagulu a platinamu zimakhala ndi malo osungunuka kwambiri, mphamvu zamagetsi zamagetsi komanso kukana kwa dzimbiri, kulimba kwa kutentha kwambiri komanso kukana kwamphamvu kwa kutentha, komanso kukhazikika kwabwino kwa kutentha. Makhalidwewa amawapangitsa kukhala zipangizo zamakono zamakono ndi zomangamanga za chitetezo cha dziko, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu ndege, zamlengalenga, maroketi, mphamvu za atomiki, teknoloji ya microelectronics, mankhwala, magalasi, kuyeretsa gasi ndi mafakitale azitsulo, ndipo udindo wawo m'mafakitale apamwamba akuwonjezeka. Choncho, amadziwika kuti "vitamini" ndi "zitsulo zatsopano zamakono" zamakampani amakono.

M'zaka zaposachedwa, zitsulo zamagulu a platinamu zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale monga kuyeretsa utsi wa magalimoto ndi njinga zamoto, ma cell amafuta, mafakitale amagetsi ndi magetsi, zida zamano ndi zodzikongoletsera. M'zaka zovuta za 21st, chitukuko cha zida zazitsulo zamagulu a platinamu zimalepheretsa mwachindunji kukula kwa minda yapamwambayi, komanso kumakhudzanso kwambiri malo apadziko lonse pachuma cha dziko.

Mwachitsanzo, kafukufuku wokhudza ma electrocatalytic oxidation a mamolekyu ang'onoang'ono monga methanol, formaldehyde, ndi formic acid, omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati ma cell amafuta ndi nano platinamu catalysts ali ndi tanthauzo la kafukufuku wofunikira komanso chiyembekezo chogwiritsa ntchito. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti chothandizira chachikulu ndi electrocatalytic makutidwe ndi okosijeni zochita za mamolekyu ang'onoang'ono organic zambiri platinamu gulu zitsulo zabwino.

Hongwu Nano ndi apadera pakupanga zitsulo zamtengo wapatali za nano pazaka 15, kuphatikizapo koma osati ku nano platinamu, iridium, ruthenium, rhodium, siliva, palladium, golide. Nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa mu mawonekedwe a ufa, kubalalitsidwa kungathenso kusinthidwa, ndipo kukula kwa tinthu kungathe kusinthidwa malinga ndi zofunikira zenizeni.

Platinum nanoparticles, 5nm, 10nm, 20nm, ...

Platinamu mpweya Pt/C, Pt 10%, 20%, 50%, 75%…