Monga masensa akuluakulu a gasi olimba, ma nano zitsulo oksidi semiconductor gas sensors amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga mafakitale, kuyang'anira chilengedwe, chisamaliro chaumoyo ndi madera ena chifukwa chakumva kwawo kwakukulu, mtengo wotsika wopanga komanso kuyeza kosavuta kwa chizindikiro.Pakalipano, kafukufuku wokhudza kusintha kwa mphamvu zomva mpweya wa nano metal oxide sensing zipangizo makamaka amayang'ana pa chitukuko cha nanoscale zitsulo oxides, monga nanostructure ndi doping kusinthidwa.

Nano chitsulo okusayidi semiconductor sensing zipangizo makamaka SnO2, ZnO, Fe2O3, VO2, In2O3, WO3, TiO2, etc. Magawo a sensa akadali ambiri kwambiri ntchito resistive gasi masensa, non-resistive mpweya masensa nawonso kupangidwa mofulumira kwambiri.

Pakadali pano, njira yayikulu yofufuzira ndikukonzekeretsa ma nanomatadium omwe ali ndi malo akuluakulu apadera, monga ma nanotubes, ma nanorod arrays, nanoporous membranes, etc. ku gasi wa zinthuzo.The elemental doping wa chitsulo okusayidi, kapena kumanga dongosolo nanocomposite, ndi anayambitsa dopant kapena zigawo zikuluzikulu akhoza kutenga gawo chothandizira, ndipo akhoza kukhala chonyamulira wothandiza pomanga nanostructure, potero kuwongolera lonse mpweya sensing ntchito ya zomveka. zipangizo.

1. Zida zowonera gasi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Nano Tin Oxide(SnO2)

Tin oxide (SnO2) ndi mtundu wazinthu zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi gasi.Ili ndi chidwi chabwino ndi mpweya monga ethanol, H2S ndi CO. Kutengeka kwake kwa mpweya kumadalira kukula kwa tinthu ndi malo enieni.Kuwongolera kukula kwa SnO2 nanopowder ndiye chinsinsi chothandizira kukhudzidwa kwa gasi.

Kutengera ndi ma mesoporous ndi macroporous nano tin oxide powders, ofufuzawo adakonza masensa amafilimu okhuthala omwe ali ndi zochitika zapamwamba kwambiri za CO oxidation, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ntchito yayikulu yozindikira mpweya.Kuphatikiza apo, kapangidwe ka nanoporous kwakhala kotentha kwambiri popanga zida zowonera gasi chifukwa cha SSA yake yayikulu, kufalikira kwa gasi wambiri komanso njira zosinthira anthu ambiri.

2. Zida zowonera mpweya zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Nano Iron Oxide(Fe2O3)

Iron oxide (Fe2O3)ali ndi mitundu iwiri ya kristalo: alpha ndi gamma, onse omwe amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zida zodziwira mpweya, koma mawonekedwe a gasi amasiyana kwambiri.α-Fe2O3 ndi ya corundum structure, yomwe katundu wake ndi wokhazikika.Makina ake ozindikira mpweya amayendetsedwa pamwamba, ndipo kukhudzika kwake kumakhala kochepa.γ-Fe2O3 ndi ya kapangidwe ka spinel ndipo ndi metastable.Njira yake yodziwira mpweya ndiyo makamaka kulamulira kukana kwa thupi.Imakhala ndi mphamvu yabwino koma yosasunthika, ndipo imakhala yosavuta kusintha ku α-Fe2O3 ndikuchepetsa mphamvu ya mpweya.

Kafukufuku wamakono amayang'ana pa kukhathamiritsa zinthu kaphatikizidwe kulamulira morphology wa Fe2O3 nanoparticles, ndiyeno kuwunika kwa zinthu zoyenera mpweya tcheru, monga α-Fe2O3 nanobeams, porous α-Fe2O3 nanorods, monodisperse α-Fe2O3 nanostructures, mesopores α-Fe2O3 nanomatadium, etc.

3. Zida zowonera mpweya zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito Nano Zinc Oxide(ZnO)
Zinc oxide (ZnO)ndi chinthu chodziwika bwino chomwe chimayendetsedwa ndi gasi.Sensa ya gasi yochokera ku ZnO imakhala ndi kutentha kwambiri komanso kusasankha bwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti isagwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri kuposa SnO2 ndi Fe2O3 nanopowders.Choncho, yokonza dongosolo latsopano la ZnO nanomaterials, doping kusinthidwa kwa nano-ZnO kuchepetsa kutentha ntchito ndi kusintha selectivity ndi cholinga cha kafukufuku nano ZnO mpweya zomveka zipangizo.

Pakalipano, chitukuko cha single crystal nano-ZnO gas sensing element ndi imodzi mwa njira za malire, monga ZnO single crystal nanorod gas sensors.

4. Zida zowonera mpweya zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito Nano Indium Oxide(In2O3)
Indium oxide (In2O3)ndi mtundu wa n-mtundu wa semiconductor sensing za gasi.Poyerekeza ndi SnO2, ZnO, Fe2O3, ndi zina zotero, ili ndi kusiyana kwakukulu kwa bandi, kusagwirizana kwazing'ono ndi zochitika zapamwamba zothandizira, komanso kukhudzidwa kwambiri kwa CO ndi NO2.Porous nanomaterials woyimiridwa ndi nano In2O3 ndi amodzi mwa malo opezekapo kafukufuku waposachedwa.Ofufuzawo adapanga zida za mesoporous In2O3 pogwiritsa ntchito kubwereza kwa template ya mesoporous silica.Zida zomwe zapezedwa zimakhala ndi kukhazikika kwapakati pa 450-650 ° C, kotero ndizoyenera kwa masensa a gasi omwe ali ndi kutentha kwambiri.Amakhudzidwa ndi methane ndipo amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito powunika kuphulika kokhudzana ndi kuphulika.

5. Zida zowonera gasi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito Nano Tungsten Oxide(WO3)
WO3 nanoparticlesndi transition metal compound semiconductor material yomwe yaphunziridwa kwambiri ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito pazabwino zake zamagesi.Nano WO3 ili ndi zinthu zokhazikika monga triclinic, monoclinic ndi orthorhombic.Ofufuzawa anakonza WO3 nanoparticles ndi nano-casting njira pogwiritsa ntchito mesoporous SiO2 monga template.Zinapezeka kuti monoclinic WO3 nanoparticles ndi pafupifupi kukula kwa 5 nm ndi bwino mpweya kumva ntchito, ndi sensa awiriawiri analandira ndi electrophoretic mafunsidwe a WO3 nanoparticles Low woipa wa NO2 ndi mkulu kuyankha.

The homogeneous kugawa kwa hexagonal gawo WO3 nanoclusters anali apanga ndi ion kuwombola-hydrothermal njira.Zotsatira zoyezetsa kutengeka kwa gasi zikuwonetsa kuti WO3 nanoclustered gas sensor ili ndi kutentha kwapang'onopang'ono, kukhudzika kwambiri kwa acetone ndi trimethylamine komanso nthawi yabwino yobwezeretsa kuyankha, kuwulula chiyembekezo chabwino chogwiritsira ntchito zinthuzo.

6. Zida zowonera mpweya zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Nano Titanium Dioxide(TiO2)
Titanium dioxide (TiO2)zida zowunikira mpweya zili ndi zabwino za kukhazikika kwamafuta abwino komanso njira yosavuta yokonzekera, ndipo pang'onopang'ono zakhala chinthu china chotentha kwa ofufuza.Pakadali pano, kafukufuku wa nano-TiO2 sensa ya gasi imayang'ana kwambiri kapangidwe kake ndi magwiridwe antchito a zida zomvera za TiO2 pogwiritsa ntchito nanotechnology yomwe ikubwera.Mwachitsanzo, ofufuza apanga ulusi wa TiO2 wa micro-nano-scale hollow pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa coaxial electrospinning.Pogwiritsa ntchito premixed patsogolo luso lawi lawi luso, mtanda elekitirodi mobwerezabwereza anayikidwa mu premixed patsogolo lawi ndi titaniyamu tetraisopropoxide monga kalambulabwalo, ndiyeno mwachindunji wamkulu kupanga iye porous nembanemba ndi TiO2 nanoparticles, amene tcheru poyankha CO. Imodzi amakula analamula TiO2. nanotube array ndi anodization ndikuigwiritsa ntchito pozindikira SO2.

7. Nano oxide composites pazinthu zowonera mpweya
The mpweya kumva katundu wa nano zitsulo oxides ufa pozindikira zipangizo akhoza bwino ndi doping, amene osati kusintha madutsidwe magetsi zinthu, komanso bwino bata ndi selectivity.Doping wa zinthu zachitsulo zamtengo wapatali ndi njira yodziwika bwino, ndipo zinthu monga Au ndi Ag zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati dopants kuti zithandizire kutulutsa mpweya wa nano zinc oxide powder.Nano oxide composite gas composite zida makamaka Pd doped SnO2, Pt-doped γ-Fe2O3, ndi zinthu zambiri zowonjezera In2O3 hollow sphere sensing material, zomwe zimatha kuzindikirika poyang'anira zowonjezera ndi kutentha kutentha kuti muzindikire NH3, H2S ndi CO. Kuphatikiza apo, filimu ya WO3 nano imasinthidwa ndi wosanjikiza wa V2O5 kuti ipititse patsogolo mawonekedwe a porous pamwamba pa filimu ya WO3, potero imakulitsa chidwi chake ku NO2.

Pakadali pano, ma graphene/nano-metal oxide composites asanduka malo opangira zida zamagetsi zamagetsi.Graphene/SnO2 nanocomposites akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati kuzindikira kwa ammonia ndi NO2 zomverera.