Mpweya wa carbon nanotubesndi zinthu zosaneneka.Atha kukhala amphamvu kuposa chitsulo pomwe amakhala owonda kuposa tsitsi lamunthu.

Amakhalanso okhazikika kwambiri, opepuka, ndipo ali ndi mphamvu zodabwitsa zamagetsi, kutentha ndi makina.Pachifukwa ichi, amakhala ndi mwayi wopanga zinthu zambiri zosangalatsa zamtsogolo.

Athanso kukhala ndi kiyi yopangira zida ndi zomangira zam'tsogolo, monga zokwezera mumlengalenga.

Apa, tikuwona zomwe zili, momwe zimapangidwira komanso ntchito zomwe amakonda kukhala nazo.Izi sizikutanthauza kuti zikhale chiwongolero chokwanira ndipo chimangofuna kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mwachidule mwachidule.

Ndi chiyanicarbon nanotubesndi katundu wawo?

Mpweya wa carbon nanotubes (CNTs mwachidule), monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, ndi ma cylindrical ang'onoang'ono opangidwa kuchokera ku carbon.Koma osati mpweya uliwonse, CNT imakhala ndi mapepala okulungidwa amtundu umodzi wa mamolekyu a carbon otchedwa graphene.

Amakonda kubwera m'njira ziwiri zazikulu:

1. Mpweya wa carbon nanotubes wokhala ndi khoma umodzi(SWCNTs) - Izi zimakonda kukhala ndi mainchesi osakwana 1 nm.

2. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs) - Izi zimakhala ndi ma nanotube angapo olumikizidwa mosadukiza ndipo amakhala ndi ma diameter omwe amatha kupitilira 100 nm.

Mulimonsemo, CNTs ikhoza kukhala ndi kutalika kosiyanasiyana kuchokera pakati pa ma micrometer angapo mpaka ma centimita.

Popeza machubu amapangidwa kuchokera ku graphene, amagawana zinthu zake zambiri zosangalatsa.Ma CNT, mwachitsanzo, amalumikizidwa ndi ma sp2 bond - awa ndi amphamvu kwambiri pamlingo wa maselo.

Carbon nanotubes amakhalanso ndi chizolowezi chomangirira pamodzi kudzera mu mphamvu za van der Waals.Izi zimawapatsa mphamvu zambiri komanso kulemera kochepa.Amakondanso kukhala ndi zida zamagetsi zamagetsi komanso zopangira thermally-conductive.

"Makoma a CNT amunthu amatha kukhala achitsulo kapena a semiconducting kutengera momwe ma latisi amayendera potengera chubu axis, chomwe chimatchedwa chirality."

Ma carbon nanotubes alinso ndi zinthu zina zochititsa chidwi zamafuta komanso zamakina zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala okongola popanga zida zatsopano.

Kodi ma carbon nanotubes amachita chiyani?

Monga tawonera kale, ma carbon nanotubes ali ndi zinthu zachilendo kwambiri.Chifukwa chake, ma CNT ali ndi ntchito zambiri zosangalatsa komanso zosiyanasiyana.

M'malo mwake, pofika chaka cha 2013, malinga ndi Wikipedia kudzera pa Science Direct, kupanga mpweya wa nanotube kudaposa matani masauzande angapo pachaka.Ma nanotubes awa ali ndi ntchito zambiri, kuphatikiza kugwiritsa ntchito mu:

• Njira zosungiramo mphamvu
• Kujambula kwa chipangizo
• Zomangamanga
• Zida zamagalimoto, kuphatikiza zomwe zitha kukhala m'magalimoto amafuta a hydrogen
• Maboti amtundu
• Katundu wamasewera
• Zosefera madzi
• Thin-filimu zamagetsi
• Zopaka
• Ma actuators
• Electromagnetic shielding
• Zovala
• Kugwiritsa ntchito biomedical, kuphatikiza uinjiniya wa fupa ndi minofu, kutumiza mankhwala, ma biosensors ndi zina zambiri

Ndi chiyanima nanotubes okhala ndi mipanda yambiri?

Monga tawonera kale, ma nanotube okhala ndi mipanda yambiri ya kaboni ndi ma nanotubes opangidwa kuchokera ku nanotubes angapo olumikizidwa.Amakonda kukhala ndi ma diameter omwe amatha kupitilira 100 nm.

Amatha kupitirira ma centimita m'litali ndipo amakhala ndi magawo omwe amasiyana pakati pa 10 ndi 10 miliyoni.

Ma nanotube okhala ndi mipanda yambiri amatha kukhala ndi makoma apakati pa 6 ndi 25 kapena kupitilira apo.

MWCNTs ali ndi zinthu zabwino kwambiri zomwe zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazamalonda ambiri.Izi zikuphatikizapo:

• Zamagetsi: MWNTs zimakhala zochititsa chidwi kwambiri zikaphatikizidwa bwino m'gulu lamagulu.Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti khoma lakunja lokha likuyendetsa, makoma amkati sali othandiza pa conductivity.
• Morphology: MWNTs ndi mkulu mbali chiŵerengero, ndi utali zambiri kuposa 100 m'mimba mwake, ndipo nthawi zina apamwamba kwambiri.Kuchita kwawo ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo sikungotengera chiŵerengero cha mawonekedwe, komanso kuchuluka kwa kutsekeka ndi kuwongoka kwa machubu, omwenso ndi ntchito ya digiri ndi kukula kwa zolakwika mu machubu.
• Thupi: Chopanda chilema, munthu, MWNTs ali ndi mphamvu zolimba kwambiri ndipo zikaphatikizidwa mumagulu, monga mankhwala a thermoplastic kapena thermoset, amatha kuonjezera mphamvu zake.