Amatsinda ya platine arimo platine (Pt), rhodium (Rh), palladium (Pd), ruthenium (Ru), osmium (Os), na iridium (Ir), biri mubyuma byagaciro nka zahabu (Au) na silver (Ag) . Bafite imbaraga za atome zikomeye cyane, bityo bafite imbaraga zikomeye zo guhuza hamwe nubucucike bwinshi. Umubare wa atomike uhuza ibyuma byose bya matsinda ya platine ni 6, bigena imiterere yihariye yumubiri nubumara. Itsinda rya platine rifite ibyuma bishonga cyane, amashanyarazi meza hamwe no kurwanya ruswa, imbaraga zubushyuhe bwinshi hamwe nubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwikurikiranya, hamwe nubushyuhe bwiza bwo hejuru. Ibi biranga bituma biba ibikoresho byingenzi byinganda zigezweho n’ubwubatsi bw’ingabo z’igihugu, bikoreshwa cyane mu ndege, mu kirere, mu kirere, roketi, ingufu za kirimbuzi, ikoranabuhanga rya mikorobe, imiti, ibirahure, isuku ya gaze n’inganda z’ubutare, kandi uruhare rwabo mu nganda z’ikoranabuhanga rugenda rwiyongera. Kubwibyo, izwi nka "vitamine" n "" ibyuma bishya bigezweho "byinganda zigezweho.

Mu myaka yashize, ibyuma bya matsinda ya platine byakoreshejwe cyane mu nganda nko gutunganya ibinyabiziga na moto, gutunganya lisansi, inganda za elegitoroniki n’amashanyarazi, ibikoresho by’amenyo n’imitako. Mu kinyejana cya 21 kitoroshye, iterambere ryibikoresho byibyuma bya platine bigabanya mu buryo butaziguye umuvuduko w’iterambere ry’imirima y’ikoranabuhanga rikomeye, kandi bigira ingaruka ku mwanya mpuzamahanga ku bukungu bw’isi.

Kurugero, ubushakashatsi ku myitwarire ya okiside ya electrocatalytic ya molekile ntoya nka methanol, formaldehyde, na acide formique, ishobora gukoreshwa nka selile ya lisansi na catalizike ya nano platine ifite akamaro k’ubushakashatsi bwibanze nubushakashatsi bwagutse. Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko intandaro nyamukuru hamwe nigikorwa cya okiside ya electrocatalitike ya molekile ntoya ahanini ari matsinda meza ya platine.

Hongwu Nano kabuhariwe mu gukora ibikoresho by'agaciro bya nano mu myaka 15, harimo ariko ntibigarukira kuri nano platine, iridium, ruthenium, rhodium, silver, palladium, zahabu. Ubusanzwe itangwa muburyo bwifu, gutatanya nabyo birashobora gutegurwa, kandi ingano yingingo irashobora guhinduka ukurikije ibisabwa byihariye.

Platinum nanoparticles, 5nm, 10nm, 20nm,…

Karubone ya platine Pt / C, Pt 10%, 20%, 50%, 75%…