Zahabu ni kimwe mu bintu bya shimi bihamye, kandi nanoscale zahabu ifite imiterere yihariye yumubiri na chimique. Nko mu 1857, Faraday yagabanije igisubizo cyamazi ya AuCl4 hamwe na fosifore kugirango abone igisubizo cyimbitse gitukura cya nanoppowders ya zahabu, ibyo bikaba byaratumye abantu bumva ibara rya zahabu. Ibice bya zahabu bya Nano nabyo byagaragaye ko bifite fluorescence, supramolecular na molekulari yo kumenyekanisha. Nubusanzwe kubera imiterere yihariye yifu ya nano zahabu bafite amahirwe menshi yo gukoreshwa mubijyanye na biosensor, catisime ya fotokome na electrochemiki, hamwe nibikoresho bya optoelectronic. Mu myaka yashize, hashingiwe ku miterere yimiterere itukura-hejuru yubuso bwa plasmon resonance yimpinga ya Au nanoparticles nyuma ya adsorption, molekile ya ADN na karubone ya hydrata yuzuye nano Au yakozwe kandi isanga ari ingirakamaro mubijyanye n'ubudahangarwa, kalibrasi na tracer.

Nanoparticlesnk'ubwoko bwa nanoparticles, bikururwa cyane kubera gutekana kwabo, ubutinganyi hamwe na biocompatibilité. Ubuso bwa plasmon resonance yibiranga hamwe no kwegeranya zahabu nano ibice, kimwe no guterwa nibidukikije byo hanze, bituma bikoreshwa cyane mukumenyekanisha amabara. Imbaraga zavuzwe zo gukusanya uduce twa Au nano harimo guhuza hydrogène, imikoranire ya ionic ligand, guhuza ibyuma, hamwe no kwakira abashyitsi. Ukoresheje sodium citrate nka stabilisateur, sodium citrate yahinduwe na zahabu nanoparticles yahinduwe neza kandi ikoreshwa nkibara rya colimetric. Ubuso bwa nano zahabu ya probe irashishwa nabi kandi irashobora guhuzwa byoroshye na molekile zashizwemo neza binyuze mumashanyarazi. Mubisubizo bya BR buffer kuri pH 4.6, propranolol yishyurwa neza kubera protonasiyo, bityo irashobora guhuzwa na nanoparticles ya zahabu, bikavamo ihinduka ryibara rya sisitemu, kugirango hashyizweho uburyo bworoshye bwo kumenya amabara ya propranolol. Muri icyo gihe, hamwe no kwegeranya ifu ya zahabu nano, ubukana bwa RRS bwa sisitemu nabwo buziyongera, bityo uburyo bwa RRS hamwe na fluorescence spekitifotometometero yoroheje nka detector nayo yashizweho kugirango tumenye neza propranolol. Hashingiwe kuri sodium citrate-yahinduwe zahabu nan oparticles, uburyo bwa colimetric na RRS bwo kumenya propranolol.

Hongwu Nano ifite igihe kirekire kandi gihamye cya zahabu yo mu rwego rwo hejuru (Au) ibice bya nano, ubwishingizi bufite ireme, kugurisha uruganda mu buryo butaziguye, hamwe n’ibiciro byapiganwa. Nyamuneka ntutindiganye kutwandikira kubindi bisobanuro.