Muri kristu yerekana, imiterere ya diyama nayo yitwa diyama cubic kristal yubatswe, ikorwa no guhuza kwinshi kwa atome ya karubone.Byinshi mubintu bikabije bya diyama nigisubizo kiziguye cyimbaraga za sp³ covalent zigizwe nuburyo bukomeye numubare muto wa atome ya karubone.Ibyuma bitwara ubushyuhe binyuze muri electroni yubusa, kandi ubushyuhe bwayo bwinshi bujyanye no gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi menshi.Ibinyuranye, gutwara ubushyuhe muri diyama bikorwa gusa no kunyeganyega (ni ukuvuga fonone).Imiyoboro ikomeye cyane ya covalent hagati ya atome ya diyama ituma lattice ikaze ya kirisiti ifite inshuro nyinshi zinyeganyega, bityo ubushyuhe bwayo buranga Debye bukaba buri hejuru ya 2,220 K.

Kubera ko porogaramu nyinshi ziri munsi yubushyuhe bwa Debye, gutatanya fonon ni nto, bityo kurwanya ubushyuhe bwo gutwara hamwe na fonon nkibikoresho ni bito cyane.Ariko inenge iyo ari yo yose izabyara fononi ikwirakwizwa, bityo bigabanye ubushyuhe bwumuriro, ibyo bikaba aribyo biranga ibikoresho byose bya kirisiti.Ubusembwa bwa diyama mubusanzwe burimo inenge zingingo nka isotop ziremereye ˡ³C, umwanda wa azote nu mwanya, inenge yagutse nko gutondekanya amakosa no kuyimura, hamwe nudusembwa 2D nkimbibi zingano.

Kirisiti ya diyama ifite imiterere isanzwe ya tetrahedral, aho ibice 4 byose byonyine bya atome ya karubone bishobora gukora imiyoboro ya covalent, bityo rero nta electroni yubusa, bityo diyama ntishobora kuyobora amashanyarazi.

Byongeye kandi, atome ya karubone muri diyama ihujwe n’imigozi ine.Kuberako umurunga wa CC muri diyama ukomeye cyane, electron zose za valence zigira uruhare mugushinga imiyoboro ya covalent, igakora imiterere ya kirisiti ya piramide, bityo ubukana bwa diyama ni ndende cyane kandi aho gushonga ni hejuru.Iyi miterere ya diyama nayo ituma ikurura imirongo mike cyane yumucyo, urumuri rwinshi rumurikira kuri diyama rugaragara, kuburyo nubwo rukomeye cyane, rusa neza.

Kugeza ubu, ibikoresho bizwi cyane byo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe ni abantu bo mu muryango wa nano-karubone, harimonanodiamond, nano-graphene, flake ya graphene, ifu ya nano-grafite ifu, na karubone nanotubes.Nyamara, ibicuruzwa bisanzwe bya grafite yubushyuhe bwa firime birabyimbye kandi bifite ubushyuhe buke bwumuriro, bikaba bigoye kuzuza ibisabwa byo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bwibikoresho byinshi bizaza, byuzuzanya-byinshi.Mugihe kimwe, ntabwo yujuje ibyifuzo byabantu bakeneye cyane kugirango ultra-yoroheje kandi yoroheje, igihe kirekire cya bateri.Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa cyane kubona ibikoresho bishya bya super-yumuriro.Ibi birasaba ibikoresho nkibi kugira igipimo gito cyo kwaguka kwinshi, ubushyuhe bukabije bwumuriro, nubucyo.Ibikoresho bya karubone nka diyama na graphene byujuje gusa ibisabwa.Bafite ubushyuhe bwinshi.Ibikoresho byabo byose hamwe nuburyo bwo gutwara ubushyuhe nibikoresho byo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bifite imbaraga nyinshi zo gukoresha, kandi byabaye intumbero yo kwitabwaho.

Niba wifuza kumenya byinshi kuri nanodiamonds, nyamuneka wumve abakozi bacu.