Carbone nanotubesni ibintu bidasanzwe.Birashobora gukomera kuruta ibyuma mugihe byoroshye kuruta umusatsi wabantu.

Birahagaze neza cyane, biremereye, kandi bifite amashanyarazi adasanzwe, ubushyuhe nubukanishi.Kubwiyi mpamvu, bafite ubushobozi bwo guteza imbere ibikoresho byinshi bishimishije.

Bashobora kandi gufata urufunguzo rwo kubaka ibikoresho nuburyo bw'ejo hazaza, nka lift zo mu kirere.

Hano, turasesengura ibyo aribyo, uko bikozwe nibisabwa bakunda kugira.Ibi ntabwo bigamije kuba umuyobozi wuzuye kandi bigenewe gusa gukoreshwa nkibisobanuro byihuse.

Nikicarbone nanotubesn'imitungo yabo?

Carbone nanotubes (CNTs mugufi), nkuko izina ribigaragaza, ni iminota ya silindrike yubatswe ikozwe muri karubone.Ariko ntabwo ari karubone gusa, CNT igizwe nimpapuro zizingiye kumurongo umwe wa molekile ya karubone yitwa graphene.

Bakunda kuza muburyo bubiri:

1. Uruzitiro rumwe rwa karubone nanotubes(SWCNTs) - Ibi bikunda kugira diameter iri munsi ya 1 nm.

2. Multi ikikijwe na karubone nanotubes.

Muri ibyo aribyo byose, CNT irashobora kugira uburebure buhinduka kuva hagati ya micrometero nyinshi kugeza kuri santimetero.

Nka tebes yubatswe gusa muri graphene, basangiye ibintu byinshi bishimishije.CNT, kurugero, ihujwe na sp2 ihuza - izi zirakomeye cyane kurwego rwa molekile.

Carbone nanotubes nayo ifite imyumvire yo gufatana hamwe ikoresheje imbaraga za van der Waals.Ibi bibaha imbaraga nyinshi nuburemere buke.Bakunda kandi kuba ibikoresho-bikoresha amashanyarazi cyane nibikoresho bikoresha ubushyuhe.

“Urukuta rwa CNT ku giti cye rushobora kuba ibyuma cyangwa igice cya kabiri bitewe n’icyerekezo cya lattike ku bijyanye na axe ya axe, bita chirality.”

Carbone nanotubes nayo ifite ubundi buryo butangaje bwubushyuhe nubukanishi butuma bikurura iterambere ryibikoresho bishya.

Carbone nanotubes ikora iki?

Nkuko tumaze kubibona, carbone nanotubes ifite ibintu bidasanzwe cyane.Kubera iyi, CNT ifite porogaramu nyinshi zishimishije kandi zitandukanye.

Mubyukuri, guhera mu 2013, nkuko Wikipedia ikoresheje Science Direct ibivuga, umusaruro wa karubone nanotube yarenze toni ibihumbi byinshi ku mwaka.Iyi nanotubes ifite porogaramu nyinshi, harimo gukoresha muri:

• Ibisubizo byo kubika ingufu
• Kwerekana ibikoresho
• Imiterere
• Ibice byimodoka, harimo nibishoboka mumodoka ya hydrogène
• Ubwato
• Ibicuruzwa bya siporo
• Akayunguruzo k'amazi
• Ibyuma bya elegitoroniki
• Kwambara
• Abakoresha
• Gukingira amashanyarazi
• Imyenda
• Gukoresha ibinyabuzima, harimo gukora ingirabuzimafatizo zamagufwa n imitsi, gutanga imiti, biosensor nibindi

Nikibyinshi bikikijwe na karubone nanotubes?

Nkuko tumaze kubibona, nanotubes nyinshi ya karubone nizo nanotube zakozwe muri nanotube nyinshi zifatanije.Bakunda kugira diameter zishobora kugera kuri 100 nm.

Barashobora gushika kurenza santimetero z'uburebure kandi bakunda kugira ibipimo bifatika bitandukanye hagati ya miliyoni 10 na 10.

Nanotubes ikikijwe cyane irashobora kuba irimo urukuta ruri hagati ya 6 na 25 cyangwa irenga.

MWCNTs ifite ibintu byiza cyane bishobora gukoreshwa mumubare munini wubucuruzi.Muri byo harimo:

• Amashanyarazi: MWNTs irayobora cyane iyo yinjijwe neza muburyo bugizwe.Twabibutsa ko urukuta rwo hanze rwonyine ruyobora, inkuta zimbere ntabwo zifite uruhare runini.
• Morphologiya: MWNTs ifite igipimo kinini cyo hejuru, hamwe n'uburebure burenze inshuro 100 z'umurambararo, kandi mubihe bimwe biri hejuru cyane.Imikorere yabo no kuyishyira mu bikorwa ntabwo bishingiye gusa ku kigereranyo cyerekeranye gusa, ahubwo no ku rwego rwo kwizirika no kugororoka kw'igituba, nacyo kikaba ari umurimo w'impamyabumenyi ndetse n'ubunini bw'inenge ziri mu miyoboro.
• Ifatika: Nta busembwa, umuntu ku giti cye, MWNT ifite imbaraga zidasanzwe kandi iyo ihujwe hamwe, nka thermoplastique cyangwa thermoset compound, irashobora kongera imbaraga zayo cyane.