Mumakore achangopfuura, kupinda uye kukanganisa kwenanotechnology pamushonga, bioengineering uye pharmacy kwave kuoneka.Nanotechnology ine mukana usingadzokerike muchitoro chemishonga, kunyanya muminda yakanangwa uye yemuno kuendesa zvinodhaka, mucosal zvinodhaka kuendesa, gene therapy uye inodzorwa kuburitswa kweprotein uye polypeptide.
Mishonga iri muchimiro cheyero yakajairika inogoverwa mumuviri wese mushure memutsinga, wemuromo kana wemuno jekiseni, uye huwandu hwemishonga inosvika padanho rekurapa inongova chikamu chidiki cheiyo dose, uye kugoverwa kwemishonga yakawanda munzvimbo dzisina chinangwa. kwete chete haina kurapa maitiro, ichaunzawo chepfu mhedzisiro.Naizvozvo, kuvandudzwa kwemafomu matsva emushonga wemishonga kwave kutungamira kwekuvandudzwa kwemishonga yemazuva ano, uye tsvakiridzo pane yakanangwa dhizaini system (TDDS) yave nzvimbo inopisa mukutsvaga kwemishonga.
Kuenzaniswa nemishonga yakapfava, nano zvinodhaka vatakuri vanogona kuona kunangwa kwemishonga kurapwa.Targeted drug delivery inoreva nzira yekuendesa zvinodhaka iyo inobatsira vatakuri, ligands kana masoja ekudzivirira chirwere kuti asarudze madhiragi kuti anange matishu, nhengo dzakanangwa, maseru anonangwa kana zvimiro zvemukati kuburikidza nehutongi hwenzvimbo kana systemic kutenderera kweropa.Pasi pekuita kweimwe nzira yekutungamira, mutakuri wezvinodhaka nano anoendesa mushonga kune chimwe chinangwa uye anoita kurapa maitiro.Inogona kuwana mushonga unoshanda une dosage shoma, mhedzisiro yakaderera, mhedzisiro yezvinodhaka, yakakwira bioavailability, uye kuchengetwa kwenguva refu kweiyo yekuisa pfungwa pane zvinangwa.
Gadziriro dzakanangwa dzinonyanya kugadzirira zvinotakura, izvo zvinonyanya kushandisa ultrafine zvimedu, izvo zvinogona kusarudza kuunganidza izvi zvimedu zvinopararira muchiropa, spleen, lymph uye zvimwe zvikamu nekuda kwemuviri uye physiological mhedzisiro mumuviri.TDDS inoreva rudzi rutsva rwekuburitsa zvinodhaka izvo zvinogona kumisa uye kuisa zvinodhaka munzvimbo dzine chirwere, nhengo, maseru kana intra masero kuburikidza nemunharaunda kana systemic kutenderera kweropa.
Nano mishonga yekugadzirira inotarirwa.Vanogona kuisa zvinodhaka munzvimbo inotarirwa pasina kukanganisa kune nhengo dzisina chinangwa.Vanogona kuvandudza kushanda kwezvinodhaka uye kuderedza systemic side effects.Iwo anoonekwa seakanyanya kukodzera dosage mafomu ekutakura anticancer mishonga.Parizvino, zvimwe zvakanangwa nano-kugadzirira zvigadzirwa zviri pamusika, uye nhamba huru yeinonangwa nano-gadziriro iri mudanho rekutsvagisa, iro rine tarisiro yakafara yekushandiswa mukurapa bundu.
Zvimiro zve nano-inotarirwa gadziriro:
⊙ Targeting: mushonga wakanangidzirwa munzvimbo inotarirwa;
⊙ Kuderedza kuyerwa kwemishonga;
⊙ Kuvandudza kurapa maitiro;
⊙ Deredza migumisiro yemishonga.
Iyo inonangwa mhedzisiro yeinonangwa nano-kugadzirira ine hukama hukuru nehukuru hwechikamu chegadziriro.Zvimedu zvine saizi isingasviki 100nm zvinogona kuungana mumwongo;zvidimbu zve100-200nm zvinogona kupfumiswa munzvimbo dzakasimba bundu;nepo 0.2-3um inotorwa nemacrophages muspleen;zvimedu> 7 μm zvinowanzovharirwa ne pulmonary capillary bed uye kupinda mumapapu emapapu kana alveoli.Naizvozvo, gadziriro dzakasiyana dzenano dzinoratidza mhedzisiro yekunangwa kwakasiyana nekuda kwekusiyana kwemamiriro ekuvapo kwezvinodhaka, senge saizi yechikamu uye kubhadharisa kwepasi.
Iwo anowanzo shandiswa anotakura ekuvaka akabatanidzwa nano-mapuratifomu ekunangwa kuongororwa uye kurapwa anonyanya kusanganisira:
(1) Lipid carriers, zvakadai se liposome nanoparticles;
(2) Polymer vatakuri, senge polymer dendrimers, micelles, polymer vesicles, block copolymers, protein nano particles;
(3) Inorganic carriers, senge nano silicon-based particles, carbon-based nanoparticles, magnetic nanoparticles, metal nanoparticles, uye up-conversion nanomaterials, nezvimwewo.
Aya anotevera misimboti anowanzo kuteverwa mukusarudzwa kwenano vatakuri:
(1) Yepamusoro yekurodha zvinodhaka uye inodzorwa kuburitsa maitiro;
(2) Low biological toxicity uye hapana basal immune response;
(3) Iine yakanaka colloidal kugadzikana uye kugadzikana kwemuviri;
(4) Kugadzirira kwakapfava, kugadzirwa kuri nyore kukuru, uye mutengo wakaderera
Nano Gold Targeted Therapy
Ndarama (Au) nanoparticlesvane yakanakisa radiation sensitization uye optical zvimiro, izvo zvinogona kunyatsoiswa mune yakanangwa radiotherapy.Kuburikidza nedhizaini yakanaka, nano goridhe zvimedu zvinogona kuungana zvakanaka kuita tumor tissue.Au nanoparticles inogona kuwedzera kushanda kwemwaranzi munzvimbo ino, uye zvakare inogona kushandura yakanyudzwa chiitiko chiedza simba kuita kupisa kuuraya cancer maseru munzvimbo.Panguva imwecheteyo, mishonga iri pamusoro pe nano Au particles inogonawo kusunungurwa munzvimbo, ichiwedzera kuwedzera maitiro ekurapa.
Nanoparticles inogonawo kunangwa mumuviri.Nanopowders inogadzirwa nekuputira zvinodhaka uye ferromagnetic zvinhu, uye kushandisa iyo magineti mhedzisiro in vitro kutungamira mafambiro ekutungamira uye kuwanikwa kwezvinodhaka mumuviri.Zvinowanzoshandiswa magineti zvinhu, zvakadai seFe2O3, dzakadzidzwa nekubatanidza mitoxantrone ne dextran uyezve kuiputira neFe2O3 kugadzirira nanoparticles.Pharmacokinetic miedzo yakaitwa mumakonzo.Mhedzisiro yacho yakaratidza kuti magineti yakanangwa nanoparticles anogona kukurumidza kusvika uye kugara munzvimbo yebundu, kuwanda kwemishonga yakanangwa nemagineti munzvimbo yebundu kwakakwira kupfuura iyo mune zvakajairwa matishu neropa.
Fe3O4yakaratidza kuti haina chepfu uye biocompatible.Kubva pane yakasarudzika yemuviri, kemikari, inopisa uye magineti zvivakwa, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles ine mukana wakakura wekushandiswa munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana dzebiomedical, senge cell labeling, chinangwa uye sechishandiso chesero ecology research, cell therapy senge kupatsanurwa kwesero. nokucheneswa;kugadziriswa kwenyama;kuendesa zvinodhaka;nuclear magnetic resonance imaging;hyperthermia kurapwa kwekenza masero, nezvimwe.
Carbon nanotubes(CNTs)ine yakasarudzika mhango chimiro uye mukati nekunze madhayamita, ayo anogona kuumba yakanakisa sero kupinda kugona uye inogona kushandiswa sezvinodhaka nanocarriers.Pamusoro pezvo, kabhoni nanotubes zvakare ine basa rekuongorora mamota uye inoita basa rakanaka mukumaka.Semuenzaniso, kabhoni nanotubes inoita basa rekuchengetedza parathyroid gland panguva yekuvhiyiwa kwethyroid.Inogona zvakare kushandiswa sechiratidzo chemalymph nodes panguva yekuvhiyiwa, uye ine basa rekunonoka-kuburitsa chemotherapy mishonga, iyo inopa tarisiro yakakura yekudzivirira uye kurapwa kwe colorectal cancer metastasis.
Kupfupisa, kushandiswa kwenanotechnology muminda yemishonga nemishonga kune tarisiro yakajeka, uye ichakonzera shanduko itsva yetekinoroji mumunda wemishonga nemishonga, kuitira kupa mipiro mitsva mukuvandudza hutano hwevanhu uye kunaka kwe. hupenyu.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-08-2022