Carbon nanotubeszvinhu zvinoshamisa.Vanogona kusimba kupfuura simbi asi vachitetepa kupfuura bvudzi remunhu.

Iwo zvakare akagadzikana zvakanyanya, akareruka, uye ane zvinoshamisa zvemagetsi, zvinopisa uye zvemuchina.Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, vanobata mukana wekugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvakawanda zvinonakidza zvemangwana.

Vanogona zvakare kubata kiyi yekuvaka zvinhu uye zvimiro zvenguva yemberi, senge maelevator emuchadenga.

Pano, tinoongorora kuti ndezvipi, magadzirirwo azvo uye kuti ndeapi maapplication avanowanzo kuve nawo.Izvi hazvireve kuve gwara rinoperera uye rinongoitirwa kushandiswa sekukurumidza kuona.

Chiicarbon nanotubesnezvinhu zvavo?

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs for short), sekureva kunoita zita, zvimiro zvemaminiti cylindrical zvakagadzirwa kubva kabhoni.Asi kwete chero kabhoni, CNT's ine akapetwa-up masheets eimwe layer yekabhoni mamorekuru anonzi graphene.

Vanowanzouya nenzira mbiri huru:

1. Single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWCNTs) - Izvi zvinowanzoita dhayamita isingasviki 1 nm.

2. Multi walled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs) - Aya anosanganisira akati wandei-akabatana nanotubes uye anowanzo kuve nemadhayamita anogona kusvika kudarika 100 nm.

Chero zvazvingava, CNTs inogona kuva nehurefu hwakasiyana kubva pakati pemamicrometer akati wandei kusvika masendimita.

Sezvo machubhu akavakwa chete kubva kugraphene, anogovera akawanda ezvivakwa zvayo zvinonakidza.MaCNT, semuenzaniso, akasungwa ne sp2 bond - aya akasimba zvakanyanya padanho rema molecular.

Carbon nanotubes zvakare ine tsika yekusunga tambo pamwechete kuburikidza nemauto evan der Waals.Izvi zvinovapa simba rakakwirira uye uremu hushoma.Ivo zvakare vanowanzove vane magetsi-conductive uye thermally-conductive zvinhu.

"Munhu ega CNT madziro anogona kuve esimbi kana semiconducting zvichienderana nekutarisa kweretiti maererano nechubhu axis, inonzi chirality."

Carbon nanotubes zvakare ine zvimwe zvinoshamisa zvinopisa uye zvemagetsi zvivakwa zvinoita kuti vataridzike kugadzira zvinhu zvitsva.

Chii chinoita carbon nanotubes?

Sezvatatoona, kabhoni nanotubes ine zvimwe zvisina kujairika zvimiro.Nekuda kweizvi, maCNT ane akawanda anonakidza uye akasiyana maapplication.

Muchokwadi, kubva muna 2013, maererano neWikipedia kuburikidza neScience Direct, kugadzirwa kwekabhoni nanotube kwakapfuura zviuru zvematani pagore.Aya nanotubes ane akawanda maapplication, kusanganisira kushandiswa mu:

• Zvigadziriso zvekuchengetedza magetsi
• Device modelling
• Composite zvimiro
• Zvikamu zvemotokari, zvinosanganisira zvingangoita muhydrogen mafuta maseru mota
• Zvikepe zvezvikepe
• Zvinhu zvemitambo
• Masefa emvura
• Mutete-firimu zvemagetsi
• Coatings
• Actuators
• Electromagnetic shielding
• Textiles
• Biomedical application, inosanganisira tishu engineering yebhonzo uye tsandanyama, kugadzirwa kwemakemikari, biosensors nezvimwe

Chiimulti walled carbon nanotubes?

Sezvatakatoona, multiwalled kabhoni nanotubes ndiwo nanotubes akagadzirwa kubva akati wandei concentrically interlinked nanotubes.Vanowanzova nemadhayamita anogona kusvika kudarika 100 nm.

Dzinogona kusvika pakudarika masendimita pakureba uye dzinowanzova neaspect ratios inosiyana pakati pegumi negumi remamiriyoni.

Multi-walled nanotubes anogona kuva pakati 6 uye 25 kana kupfuura concentric madziro.

MWCNTs ine zvimwe zvakanakisa zvivakwa zvinogona kushandiswa mukuwanda kwezvikumbiro zvekutengesa.Izvi zvinosanganisira:

• Magetsi: MWNTs inofambisa zvakanyanya kana yakanyatsobatanidzwa mune inoumbwa chimiro.Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti madziro ekunze ega ari kuitisa, madziro emukati haabatsiri kune conductivity.
• Morphology: MWNTs ine chiyero chepamusoro, nehurefu hunowanzopfuura ka100 padhayamita, uye mune dzimwe nguva yakakwirira zvakanyanya.Kuita kwavo uye kushandiswa kwavo hakubvi pane chikamu chechiyero chete, asiwo pachiyero chekunamatira uye kutwasuka kwechubhu, iyo inozoita basa rezvose dhigirii uye chiyero chekukanganisa mumachubhu.
• Muviri: Husina hurema, hwega, MWNTs ine simba rakanakisa rekusimba uye kana yakabatanidzwa mumubatanidzwa, senge thermoplastic kana thermoset makomisheni, inogona kuwedzera zvakanyanya simba rayo.