Hona joale, lisebelisoa tsa bohlokoa tsa tšepe tsa nano li sebelisoa hoo e batlang e le liindasteri tsohle, 'me litšepe tsena tsa bohlokoa hangata ke lihlahisoa tse entsoeng ka botebo.Seo ho thoeng ke ts'ebetso e tebileng ea tšepe ea bohlokoa e bolela mokhoa oa ho fetola mofuta oa 'mele kapa oa lik'hemik'hale oa litšepe tsa bohlokoa kapa metsoako ka letoto la ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso ho fetoha lihlahisoa tsa bohlokoa tsa tšepe.Hona joale ka ho kopana le nanotechnology, sebaka sa ts'ebetso e tebileng ea tšepe e atolositsoe, 'me lihlahisoa tse ngata tse ncha tsa bohlokoa tsa tšepe tsa bohlokoa le tsona li hlahisitsoe.

Lisebelisoa tsa tšepe tsa bohlokoa tsa Nano li kenyelletsa mefuta e mengata ea lisebelisoa tse bonolo tsa tšepe le lisebelisoa tsa nanopowder tse kopantsoeng, tšepe e ntle e ncha ea macromolecular nanomaterials le lisebelisoa tsa filimi tsa tšepe tse ntle.Har'a tsona, lisebelisoa tsa nano powder tsa mantlha le tse kopantsoeng tsa tšepe tse ntle li ka aroloa ka mefuta e 'meli: e tšehelitsoeng le e sa tšehetsoeng, e leng lisebelisoa tsa tšepe tsa bohlokoa tse sebelisoang haholo indastering.

1. Lisebelisoa tsa nanopowder tsa tšepe tse hlomphehang le metsoako

1.1.Phofo e sa tšehetsoeng

Ho na le mefuta e 'meli ea li-nanopowder tsa tšepe tse ntle tse kang silevera(Ag), khauta(Au), palladium(Pd) le platinum(Pt), le nanoparticles ea metsoako ea tšepe e ntle joalo ka silevera oxide.Ka lebaka la matla a ho sebelisana holim'a metsi a nanoparticles, ho bonolo ho agglomerate pakeng tsa nanoparticles.Hangata, moemeli o itseng oa tšireletso (o nang le phello ea ho qhalakanya) o sebelisetsoa ho roala holim'a likaroloana nakong ea ho lokisetsa kapa ka mor'a hore sehlahisoa sa phofo se fumanoe.

Kopo:

Hajoale, li-nanoparticles tsa bohlokoa tse sa tšehetsoeng tse entsoeng indastering le ho sebelisoa indastering haholo-holo li kenyelletsa phofo ea silevera ea nano, phofo ea khauta ea nano, phofo ea platinamo le nano silver oxide.Karolo ea khauta ea Nano joalo ka 'mala ke khale e sebelisoa ka khalase ea Venetian le likhalase tse silafalitsoeng,' me gauze e nang le phofo ea silevera ea nano e ka sebelisoa bakeng sa kalafo ea bakuli ba cheleng.Hajoale, phofo ea silevera ea nano e ka nkela li-powders tsa silevera tse ntle haholo ka har'a pente e tsamaisang, e ka fokotsang chelete ea silevera le ho fokotsa litšenyehelo;ha likaroloana tsa tšepe tsa nano li sebelisoa e le li-colorants ka pente, seaparo se khanyang ka mokhoa o ikhethang se etsa hore se tšoanelehe bakeng sa likoloi tse majabajaba le mekhabiso e meng ea boemo bo phahameng.E na le bokhoni bo boholo ba ts'ebeliso.

Ho phaella moo, slurry e entsoeng ka tšepe ea bohlokoa ea colloid e na le tekanyo e phahameng ea ts'ebetso-theko le boleng bo tsitsitseng ba sehlahisoa, 'me e ka sebelisoa ho hlahisa moloko o mocha oa lihlahisoa tsa elektronike tse sebetsang hantle.Ka nako e ts'oanang, colloid ea bohlokoa ea tšepe ka boeona e ka sebelisoa ka kotloloho ho tlhahiso ea potoloho ea elektroniki le theknoloji ea liphutheloana tsa elektroniki, joalo ka li-colloids tsa tšepe tsa bohlokoa tsa Pd li ka etsoa mokelikeli oa toner bakeng sa tlhahiso ea potoloho ea elektroniki le ho roala khauta ea matsoho.

1.2.Li-powders tse tšehetsoeng

Lisebelisoa tsa nano tse tšehelitsoeng tsa litšepe tse ntle hangata li bua ka metsoako e fumanoeng ka ho kenya li-nanoparticles tsa litšepe tse ntle le metsoako ea tsona ho sejari se itseng sa porous, 'me batho ba bang ba li khetholla e le metsoako ea tšepe e ntle.E na le melemo e 'meli e meholo:

① Nano phofo ea lisebelisoa tsa tšepe tse hasantsoeng le tse ts'oanang li ka fumanoa, tse ka thibelang ho kopana ha li-nanoparticles tsa tšepe tse ntle haholo;

②Ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso e bonolo ho feta mofuta o sa tšehetsoeng, 'me matšoao a tekheniki a bonolo ho a laola.

Li-powders tsa tšepe tse tšehelitsoeng tse hlahisitsoeng le ho sebelisoa indastering li kenyelletsa Ag, Au, Pt, Pd, Rh le alloy nanoparticles tse entsoeng lipakeng tsa tsona le litšepe tse ling.

Kopo:

Hajoale, li-nanomaterials tsa tšepe tse tšehelitsoeng li sebelisoa haholo e le li-catalysts.Ka lebaka la boholo bo nyane le sebaka se seholo se ikhethileng sa nanoparticles ea tšepe e ntle, boemo ba tlamahano le khokahano ea liathomo tse holimo li fapane haholo le tse ka har'a liathomo tse ka hare, e le hore libaka tse sebetsang holim'a likaroloana tsa tšepe tse ntle li eketsehile haholo. , 'me li na le maemo a motheo e le li-catalysts.Ho feta moo, botsitso bo ikhethang ba lik'hemik'hale tsa lirafshoa tsa bohlokoa bo etsa hore ba be le botsitso bo ikhethang ba catalytic, ts'ebetso ea catalytic le nchafatso kamora ho etsoa li-catalysts.

Hona joale, mefuta e fapaneng ea lisebelisoa tsa tšepe tsa bohlokoa tsa nano-scale bakeng sa ts'ebeliso ea indasteri ea motsoako oa lik'hemik'hale li entsoe.Ka mohlala, colloidal Pt catalyst e tšehetsoeng ka zeolite-1 e sebelisetsoa ho fetola alkanes ka petroleum, colloidal Ru e tšehetsoeng ka carbon e ka sebelisoa bakeng sa ammonia synthesis, Pt100 -xAux colloids e ka sebelisoa bakeng sa n-butane hydrogenolysis le isomerization.Litšepe tsa bohlokoa (haholo-holo Pt) li-nanomaterials e le li-catalyst le tsona li bapala karolo ea bohlokoa khoebong ea lisele tsa mafura: ka lebaka la ts'ebetso e ntle ea ts'ebetso ea 1-10 nm Pt particles, nano-scale Pt e sebelisoa ho etsa li-catalyst tsa lisele tsa mafura, eseng feela li-catalytic. tshebetso.E ntlafalitsoe, 'me palo ea litšepe tsa bohlokoa e ka fokotsoa, ​​e le hore litšenyehelo tsa ho lokisetsa li fokotsehe haholo.

Ho feta moo, litšepe tsa bohlokoa tsa nano-scale le tsona li tla phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ho nts'etsopele ea matla a hydrogen.Tšebeliso ea li-catalyst tsa tšepe tse nang le nano-scale ho arola metsi ho hlahisa hydrogen ke tataiso ea nts'etsopele ea li-nanomaterials tsa tšepe tse ntle.Ho na le mekhoa e mengata ea ho sebelisa li-nanomaterials tsa tšepe tse ntle ho thusa tlhahiso ea haedrojene.Ka mohlala, colloidal Ir ke mohloli o sebetsang oa ho fokotsa metsi ho hlahisa hydrogen.

2. Lihlopha tse ncha tsa litšepe tse khabane

Ho sebelisa karabelo ea Schiffrin, Au, Ag le li-alloys tsa tsona tse sirelelitsoeng ka alkyl thiol li ka lokisoa, joalo ka Au/Ag, Au/Cu, Au/Ag/Cu, Au/Pt, Au/Pd le lihlopha tsa atomic tsa Au/Ag/ Cu/Pd joalo-joalo Palo ea boima ba sehlopha sa lihlopha ke e le 'ngoe haholo' me e ka finyella bohloeki ba "molek'hule".Sebopeho se tsitsitseng se li lumella ho qhibiliha khafetsa le ho putlama joalo ka limolek'hule tse tloaelehileng ntle le ho kopana, hape li ka ba le maikutlo a kang phapanyetsano, ho kopanya le polymerization, le ho etsa likristale tse nang le lihlopha tsa athomo joalo ka likarolo tsa meralo.Ka hona, lihlopha tse joalo tsa athomo li bitsoa limolek'hule tsa "monolayer protected cluster" (MPC).

Kopo: Ho fumanoe hore nanoparticles ea khauta e boholo ba 3-40 nm e ka sebelisoa bakeng sa ho silafatsa lisele ka hare le ho ntlafatsa tharollo ea ho shebella lisele tse ka hare tsa lisele, e leng tsa bohlokoa bo boholo ho lipatlisiso tsa baeloji ea lisele.

3. Lisebelisoa tsa filimi tsa tšepe tsa bohlokoa

Litšepe tsa bohlokoa li na le lik'hemik'hale tse tsitsitseng 'me ha li bonolo ho sebetsana le tikoloho e potolohileng,' me hangata li sebelisetsoa ho etsa liaparo tsa holimo le lifilimi tse nang le porous.Ho phaella ho seaparo se khabisitsoeng ka kakaretso, lilemong tsa morao tjena, likhalase tse entsoeng ka khauta li hlahile e le lesira la lerako ho bonahatsa mahlaseli a mocheso le ho fokotsa tšebeliso ea matla.Ka mohlala, Royal Bank of Canada Building e Toronto e kentse khalase e khanyang e pentiloeng ka khauta, e sebelisa lik’hilograma tse 77,77 tsa khauta.

Hongwu Nano ke moetsi ea hloahloa oa likaroloana tsa tšepe tsa bohlokoa tsa nano, tse ka fanang ka likaroloana tsa tšepe tsa bohlokoa tsa nano, tšepe ea bohlokoa ea oxide nanoparticles, li-shell-core nanoparticles tse nang le litšepe tsa bohlokoa le li-dispersions tsa tsona ka li-batches.Rea u amohela ho ikopanya le rona bakeng sa lintlha tse ling!