Iinanotube zekhabhonizizinto ezimangalisayo.Zinokuba namandla kunentsimbi ngelixa zincinci kuneenwele zomntu.

Kananjalo zizinzile kakhulu, zikhaphukhaphu, kwaye zineempawu ezimangalisayo zombane, ezishushu kunye nezoomatshini.Ngenxa yesi sizathu, babambe amandla okuphuhliswa kwezinto ezininzi ezinomdla ezizayo.

Basenokubamba isitshixo sokwakha izinto kunye nezakhiwo zexesha elizayo, ezifana nezinyusi zasemkhathini.

Apha, siphonononga ukuba ziyintoni na, zenziwe njani kwaye zeziphi izicelo ezidla ngokuba nazo.Oku akwenzelwanga ukuba sisikhokelo esipheleleyo kwaye kujongwe ukuba sisetyenziswe njengendawo yokujonga ngokukhawuleza.

Zintoni iicarbon nanotubeskunye neempawu zabo?

ICarbon nanotubes (i-CNTs ngokufutshane), njengoko igama libonisa, zizinto ezincinci ze-cylindrical ezenziwe ngekhabhoni.Kodwa hayi nje nayiphi na ikhabhoni, i-CNT's iqulathe amaphepha asongelweyo omaleko omnye weemolekyuli zekhabhoni ezibizwa ngokuba yigraphene.

Bathanda ukuza kwiindlela ezimbini eziphambili:

1. Iinanotube zekhabhoni ezinodonga olunye(SWCNTs) - Ezi zithande ukuba nobubanzi obungaphantsi kwe-1 nm.

2. Iinanotubes zekhabhoni ezininzi ezinamadonga(MWCNTs) - Ezi ziquka i-nanotubes ezininzi ezidityanisiweyo kwaye zithande ukuba needayamitha ezinokufikelela ngaphezulu kwe-100 nm.

Kuzo zombini ezi meko, ii-CNTs zinokuba nobude obuguquguqukayo ukusuka phakathi kwee-micrometers ukuya kwi-centimeters.

Njengoko iityhubhu zakhiwe ngokukodwa kwigraphene, zabelana ngezinto ezininzi ezinomdla.Ii-CNTs, umzekelo, ziboshwe kunye neebhondi ze-sp2 - ezi zinamandla kakhulu kwinqanaba le-molecular.

Iinanotubes zekhabhoni zikwatyekele ekuthandeni intambo kunye ngemikhosi yevan der Waals.Oku kubanika amandla aphezulu kunye nobunzima obuphantsi.Zikwathande ukuba zizinto ezisebenza ngombane kakhulu kunye nezixhobo ezihambisa i-thermally.

"Iindonga ze-CNT zomntu ngamnye zinokuba yintsimbi okanye i-semiconducting ngokuxhomekeke kwi-lattice ngokumalunga ne-tube axis, ebizwa ngokuba yi-chirality."

ICarbon nanotubes zikwanazo nezinye iipropathi ezimangalisayo zobushushu kunye nezomatshini ezenza zibe nomtsalane ekuphuhliseni izinto ezintsha.

Zenza ntoni ii-carbon nanotubes?

Njengoko sele sibonile, i-carbon nanotubes ineempawu ezingaqhelekanga kakhulu.Ngenxa yoku, ii-CNTs zinezicelo ezininzi ezinomdla kunye nezahlukeneyo.

Ngapha koko, ukusukela ngo-2013, ngokutsho kweWikipedia ngeSayensi Direct, ukuveliswa kwekhabhoni nanotube kudlule amawaka eetoni ngonyaka.Ezi nanotubes zinezicelo ezininzi, kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwi:

• Izisombululo zokugcina amandla
• Imodeli yesixhobo
• Izakhiwo ezidibeneyo
• Iindawo zemoto, kubandakanya nokubakho kwiimoto zeeseli ze-hydrogen
• Izikhephe zamaphenyane
• Iimpahla zemidlalo
• Izihluzi zamanzi
• Thin-film elektroniki
• Iingubo
• Abenzi bezinto
• Ukhuselo lombane
• Iimpahla
• Ukusetyenziswa kwe-Biomedical, kubandakanywa ubunjineli bezicubu zethambo kunye nezihlunu, ukuhanjiswa kweekhemikhali, i-biosensors kunye nokunye

Zintoni iiiinanotubes zekhabhoni ezininzi ezinodonga?

Njengoko sele sibonile, iinanotubes zekhabhoni ezinamanzi amaninzi zezo nanotubes zenziwe ngeenanotubes ezininzi ezidityanisiweyo.Bathanda ukuba needayamitha ezinokufikelela ngaphezu kwe-100 nm.

Zinokufikelela ngaphezulu kweesentimitha ngobude kwaye zithande ukuba ne-spective ratios ezohluka phakathi kwe-10 kunye ne-10 lezigidi.

Iinanotubes ezinodonga oluninzi zinokuqulatha phakathi kwe-6 kunye ne-25 okanye ngaphezulu kweendonga ezigxininisiweyo.

Ii-MWCNTs zineempawu ezibalaseleyo ezinokuxhatshazwa kwinani elikhulu lezicelo zorhwebo.Ezi ziquka:

• Umbane: Ii-MWNTs ziqhuba kakhulu xa zidityaniswe ngokufanelekileyo kwisakhiwo esiyintlanganisela.Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba udonga lwangaphandle lodwa luqhuba, iindonga zangaphakathi azikho zixhobo kwi-conductivity.
• I-Morphology: i-MWNTs inomlinganiselo ophezulu, kunye nobude obuqheleke ngaphezu kwe-100 ububanzi, kwaye kwiimeko ezithile eziphezulu kakhulu.Ukusebenza kwabo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwabo akusekelwe kuphela kwi-aspect ratio, kodwa nakwiqondo lokubanjwa kunye nokuthe tye kweityhubhu, eziye zibe ngumsebenzi wedigri kunye nobukhulu beziphene kwiityhubhu.
• Okwenyama: Azinasiphene, umntu ngamnye, ii-MWNTs zinamandla okuqina kwaye xa zidityanisiwe kwi-composite, njengeekhompawundi ze-thermoplastic okanye ze-thermoset, zinokuwandisa kakhulu amandla ayo.