Njengoyena ummeli we-nanomaterial one-dimensional,iinanotubes zekhabhoni ezinodonga olunye(Ii-SWCNTs) zineempawu ezininzi ezibalaseleyo zomzimba kunye neekhemikhali.Ngokuqhubekayo uphando olunzulu malunga nesiseko kunye nokusetyenziswa kwee-carbon nanotubes ezinodonga olulodwa, baye babonisa ithemba elibanzi lesicelo kwiinkalo ezininzi, kubandakanywa izixhobo zombane ze-nano, izixhobo ezidibeneyo zokuphucula izinto, imidiya yokugcina amandla, i-catalysts kunye nabathwali be-catalyst, izinzwa, intsimi. i-emitters, iifilimu eziqhubayo, izinto ze-bio-nano, njl., ezinye zazo sele ziphumelele izicelo zoshishino.

Iipropati zoomatshini bee-nanotubes zekhabhoni ezinodonga olunye

Iiathom zekhabhoni zeenanotubes zekhabhoni ezinodonga olulodwa zidityanisiwe kunye neebhondi eziqinileyo zeCC ezinamandla kakhulu.Kucingelwa ukusuka kwisakhiwo ukuba banamandla axial aphezulu, i-bremsstrahlung kunye ne-elastic modulus.Abaphandi balinganisa i-vibration frequency of the free end of CNTs kwaye bafumanisa ukuba i-Young's modulus ye-carbon nanotubes inokufikelela kwi-1Tpa, ephantse ilingane ne-Young's modulus yedayimani, emalunga ne-5 amaxesha entsimbi.I-SWCNTs zinamandla axial aphezulu ngokugqithisileyo, malunga ne-100 lamaxesha entsimbi;i-elastic strain of single-walled carbon nanotubes yi-5%, ukuya kwi-12%, malunga namaxesha angama-60 ensimbi.I-CNT inokuqina okugqwesileyo kunye nokugoba.

Iinanotubes zekhabhoni ezinodonga olunye zezona ziqiniswe kakuhle kwizinto ezidityanisiweyo, ezinokunikezela ngeempawu zazo ezibalaseleyo zobuchwephesha kwizinto ezidibeneyo, ukuze imathiriyeli edityanisiweyo ibonise amandla, ukuqina, ukuqina kunye nokumelana nokudinwa abangenalo kwasekuqaleni.Ngokubhekiselele kwi-nanoprobes, i-carbon nanotubes ingasetyenziselwa ukwenza iingcebiso zeprobe yokuskena kunye nesisombululo esiphezulu kunye nobunzulu obukhulu bokubona.

Iipropathi zombane zeenanotubes zekhabhoni ezinodonga olunye

Ulwakhiwo lwe-spiral tubular lwe-carbon-nanotubes enodonga olulodwa lumisela iimpawu zayo zombane ezizodwa kunye nezigqwesileyo.Uphononongo lwethiyori lubonise ukuba ngenxa yokuthuthwa kwe-ballistic yee-electron kwi-carbon nanotubes, amandla akhoyo akhoyo ngoku aphakamileyo njenge-109A / cm2, amaxesha angama-1000 aphezulu kunobhedu olunokuqhuba kakuhle.Ububanzi be-carbon nanotube enodonga olulodwa malunga ne-2nm, kwaye ukuhamba kwee-electron kuyo kunokuziphatha kwe-quantum.Ukuchatshazelwa yi-quantum physics, njengoko ububanzi kunye nemowudi ejikelezayo ye-SWCNT itshintsha, i-gap yamandla ye-valence band kunye nebhendi yokuqhubela phambili inokutshintshwa ukusuka kwi-zero ukuya kwi-1eV, ukuqhuba kwayo kunokuba yintsimbi kunye ne-semiconducting, ngoko ke ukuqhutyelwa kwe-carbon nanotubes ukulungiswa ngokutshintsha i-angle ye-chirality kunye nedayamitha.Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, akukho nto yimbi efunyenweyo ifana nekhabhoni enodonga olunye enodonga ngokufanayo inokuhlengahlengisa umsantsa wamandla ngokutshintsha nje ulungelelwaniso lweeathom.

Iinanotubes zekhabhoni, njengegraphite kunye nedayimani, zezona ziqhuba kakuhle zomoya.Njengokuqhuba kombane, ii-carbon nanotubes zikwanazo ne-axial thermal conductivity egqwesileyo kwaye zizixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokuqhuba ubushushu.Ubalo lwethiyori lubonisa ukuba i-carbon nanotube (CNT) inkqubo yokuqhuba ubushushu inomndilili omkhulu wendlela yasimahla yeephononi, iiphononi ziyakwazi ukuhanjiswa ngokutyibilikayo ecaleni kombhobho, kwaye i-axial conductivity yayo ye-thermal imalunga ne-6600W/m•K okanye ngaphezulu, efana nayo. i-thermal conductivity yegraphene yomaleko omnye.Abaphandi balinganisela ukuba ubushushu begumbi lobushushu be-thermal conductivity ye-carbon nanotube enodonga olulodwa (SWCNT) isondele kwi-3500W/m•K, inkulu kakhulu kunedayimane kunye negraphite (~2000W/m•K).Nangona ukutshintshiselana kobushushu kwecarbon nanotubes kwicala le-axial kuphezulu kakhulu, ukusebenza kwabo kokutshintshiselana kobushushu kwicala elithe nkqo kusezantsi kakhulu, kwaye iinanotubes zekhabhoni zithintelwa ziipropati zazo zejometri, kwaye izinga lokwandiswa kwazo liphantse libe ngu-zero, ngoko ke nabaninzi. i-carbon nanotubes ehlanganiswe kwi-bundle, ubushushu abuyi kuhanjiswa ukusuka kwenye i-carbon nanotube ukuya kwenye.

I-thermal conductivity egqwesileyo ye-carbon nanotubes enodonga olulodwa (SWCNTs) ithathwa njengeyona nto ibalaseleyo kumphezulu woqhagamshelwano weeradiyetha zesizukulwana esilandelayo, ezinokuthi zibenze i-agent conductivity ye-thermal ye-computer CPU chip radiators kwixesha elizayo.I-radiator ye-carbon nanotube ye-CPU, indawo yayo yokudibanisa kunye ne-CPU yenziwe ngokupheleleyo nge-carbon nanotubes, ine-conductivity ye-thermal 5 amaxesha ezinto ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo zobhedu.Kwangaxeshanye, iinanotubes zekhabhoni ezinodonga olunye zinethuba elihle lokusebenzisa izixhobo ezidityanisiweyo ze-thermal conductivity kwaye zinokusetyenziswa kwizinto ezahlukeneyo ezinobushushu obuphezulu njengeenjini kunye neerokethi.

Iimpawu ze-Optical ze-carbon nanotubes ezinodonga olulodwa

Isakhiwo esiyingqayizivele se-carbon-nanotubes enodonga olulodwa yenze iimpawu zayo ezikhethekileyo ze-optical.I-Raman spectroscopy, i-fluorescence spectroscopy kunye ne-ultraviolet-kubonakala-kufuphi ne-infrared spectroscopy isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kuphononongo lweempawu zayo zamehlo.I-Raman spectroscopy sesona sixhobo sixhaphakileyo sokubona kwiinanotubes zekhabhoni ezinodonga olunye.Imowudi yeempawu zokungcangcazela kwekhabhoni enodonga olunye nanotubes imowudi yokuphefumla yokungcangcazela (RBM) ibonakala malunga ne-200nm.I-RBM ingasetyenziselwa ukumisela i-microstructure ye-carbon nanotubes kwaye inqume ukuba isampuli iqukethe i-carbon nanotubes enodonga olulodwa.

Iimpawu zemagneti zeenanotubes zekhabhoni ezinodonga olunye

Iinanotubes zeCarbon zineempawu ezizodwa zemagneti, eziyi-anisotropic kunye ne-diamagnetic, kwaye zinokusetyenziswa njengezinto ezithambileyo ze-ferromagnetic.Ezinye iinanotubes zekhabhoni ezinodonga olulodwa ezinezakhiwo ezithile nazo zine-superconductivity kwaye zinokusetyenziswa njengeingcingo eziphezulu.

Ukusebenza kokugcinwa kwegesi yeenanotubes zekhabhoni ezinodonga olunye

Isakhiwo se-tubular esine-dimensional kunye nobude obukhulu ukuya kwi-diameter ye-carbon-nanotubes enodonga olulodwa yenza i-tube cavity ibe nefuthe elinamandla le-capillary, ukwenzela ukuba ibe ne-adsorption ekhethekileyo, ukugcinwa kwegesi kunye neempawu zokungena.Ngokweengxelo zophando ezikhoyo, i-carbon nanotubes enodonga olulodwa zizinto ze-adsorption ezinomthamo omkhulu wokugcina i-hydrogen, edlula kakhulu ezinye izinto zendalo zokugcina i-hydrogen, kwaye ziya kunceda ukukhuthaza ukuphuhliswa kweeseli ze-hydrogen fuel.

Umsebenzi we-catalytic we-carbon-nanotubes enodonga olunye

Iinanotubes zekhabhoni ezinodonga olunye zinokusebenza okugqwesileyo kwe-elektroniki, uzinzo oluphezulu lweekhemikhali kunye nommandla omkhulu okhethekileyo (SSA).Zingasetyenziswa njenge-catalysts okanye i-catalyst carriers, kwaye zibe nomsebenzi ophezulu we-catalytic.Kungakhathaliseki ukuba kwi-catalysis yendabuko, okanye kwi-electrocatalysis kunye ne-photocatalysis, i-carbon nanotubes enodonga olulodwa ibonise amandla amakhulu okusebenza.

I-Guangzhou Hongwu ibonelela ngomgangatho ophezulu kunye nozinzile iinanotubes zekhabhoni ezinodonga kunye nobude obahlukeneyo, ubunyulu (91-99%), iintlobo ezisebenzayo.Kwakhona ukusasazwa kunokwenziwa ngokwezifiso.