Igolide le-Colloidal

Ama-nanoparticles egolide e-Colloidalsekungamakhulu eminyaka asetshenziswa abadwebi ngenxa yokuthi basebenzisana nokukhanya okubonakalayo ukuze bakhiqize imibala egqamile.Muva nje, lesi sakhiwo esiyingqayizivele se-photoelectric siye sacwaningwa futhi sasetshenziswa emikhakheni yobuchwepheshe obuphezulu njengamaseli elanga ephilayo, ama-sensor probes, ama-ejenti okwelapha, amasistimu okulethwa kwezidakamizwa ekusetshenzisweni kwebhayoloji nezokwelapha, ama-electronic conductors, kanye ne-catalysis.Izakhiwo ze-optical kanye ne-elekthronikhi ze-nanoparticles zegolide zingalungiswa ngokushintsha usayizi wazo, ukwakheka, i-surface chemistry kanye nesimo sokuhlanganisa.

Isixazululo segolide se-colloidal sisho insimbi yegolide enobubanzi bezinhlayiyana zesigaba esihlakazekile phakathi kuka-1 no-150 nm.Ingowesistimu ye-heterogeneous heterogeneous, futhi umbala unombala osawolintshi ukuya konsomi.Ukusetshenziswa kwegolide le-colloidal njengophawu lwe-immunohistochemistry kwaqala ngo-1971. UFaulk et al.Kusetshenziswe i-electron microscopy immunocolloidal gold staining (IGS) ukuze kubonwe i-Salmonella.

Ibhalwe ku-antibody yesibili (ihhashi elilwa nomuntu IgG), indlela engaqondile ye-immunocolloid staining yegolide yasungulwa.Ngo-1978, i-geoghega yathola ukusetshenziswa kwezimaka zegolide ze-colloidal ezingeni lesibuko esikhanyayo.Ukusetshenziswa kwegolide le-colloidal ku-immunochemistry kubizwa nangokuthi i-immunogold.Ngemva kwalokho, izazi eziningi zaqinisekisa ukuthi igolide le-colloidal lingakwazi ukukhangisa amaprotheni ngokuzinza nangokushesha, futhi umsebenzi we-biological we-protein awushintshanga kakhulu.Ingasetshenziswa njenge-probe yokuma okunembile kwe-cell surface kanye ne-intracellular polysaccharides, amaprotheni, ama-polypeptides, ama-antigen, amahomoni, ama-nucleic acid namanye ama-macromolecules e-biological.Ingasetshenziselwa futhi i-immunodiagnosis yansuku zonke kanye ne-immunohistochemical localization, ngaleyo ndlela ekuxilongweni komtholampilo Futhi ukusetshenziswa kokutholwa kwezidakamizwa nezinye izici kuye kwaziswa kabanzi.Njengamanje, ukungcoliswa kwe-immunogold ezingeni le-electron microscope (IGS), ukungcoliswa kwe-immunogold ezingeni le-microscope ekhanyayo (IGSS), kanye nokungcoliswa kwe-speckle immunogold ezingeni le-macroscopic kuya ngokuya kuba amathuluzi anamandla ocwaningo lwesayensi nokuxilongwa komtholampilo.