Ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe besimanje obusezingeni eliphezulu, ukuphazanyiswa kukagesi (i-EMI) kanye nezinkinga zokuhambisana nozibuthe kagesi (EMC) ezibangelwa amagagasi kagesi ziya ngokuya ziba zimbi kakhulu.Azibangeli kuphela ukuphazamiseka nokulimala kumathuluzi kagesi namathuluzi, zibe nomthelela ekusebenzeni kwazo okuvamile, futhi zikhawule kakhulu ukuncintisana kwezwe lethu namazwe ngamazwe emikhiqizweni nasezimpahleni zikagesi, futhi zingcolisa imvelo futhi zibeke impilo yabantu engozini;ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuvuza kwamagagasi kazibuthe kuzobeka engcupheni ukuphepha kolwazi lukazwelonke kanye nokuphepha kwezimfihlo eziwumgogodla wezempi.Ikakhulukazi, izikhali ze-electromagnetic pulse, okuyizikhali zomqondo omusha, zenze impumelelo enkulu, ezingahlasela ngokuqondile imishini kagesi, amasistimu kagesi, njll., okubangela ukwehluleka kwesikhashana noma ukulimala unomphela ezinhlelweni zolwazi, njll.

Ngakho-ke, ukuhlola izinto zokuvikela ezisebenza kahle zika-electromagnetic ukuvikela ukuphazamiseka kukazibuthe kanye nezinkinga zokuhambisana kuka-electromagnetic kuzothuthukisa ukuphepha nokuthembeka kwemikhiqizo nemishini kagesi, kuthuthukise ukuncintisana kwamazwe ngamazwe, kuvimbele izikhali ze-electromagnetic pulse, futhi kuqinisekise ukuphepha kwezinhlelo zokuxhumana zolwazi nohlelo lwenethiwekhi. , amasistimu okudlulisa, izinkundla zezikhali, njll. abaluleke kakhulu.

1. Isimiso sokuvikela i-electromagnetic (EMI)

I-Electromagnetic shielding ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zokuvikela ukuvimba noma ukunciphisa amandla kazibuthe kagesi phakathi kwendawo evikelekile nomhlaba wangaphandle.Umgomo wokuvikela i-electromagnetic ukusebenzisa umzimba ovikelayo ukuze ubonise, umunce futhi uqondise ukugeleza kwamandla kagesi, okuhlobene eduze namashaji, imisinga kanye ne-polarization eyenziwe ebusweni besakhiwo sokuvikela nangaphakathi komzimba ovikelayo.I-Shielding ihlukaniswe yaba i-electrostatic field shielding (i-electrostatic shielding kanye ne-alternating electric field shielding), i-magnetic field shielding (insimu yamagnetic ene-frequency ephansi kanye ne-high-frequency magnetic field shielding) kanye ne-electromagnetic field shielding (electromagnetic wave shielding) ngokuvumelana nesimiso sayo.Ngokuvamile, ukuvikela i-electromagnetic shielding kubhekisela kokugcina, okungukuthi, ukuvikela izindawo zikagesi nezizibuthe ngesikhathi esisodwa.

2. Izinto zokuvikela i-electromagnetic

Njengamanje, inhlanganisela ye-electromagnetic shielding coatings isetshenziswa kabanzi.Izingoma zabo eziyinhloko ziyi-resin eyenza ifilimu, isicwecwe esisebenzayo, i-diluent, i-coupling agent nezinye izithasiselo.I-conductive filler iyingxenye ebalulekile yalo.Okuvamile isiliva(Ag) powder kanye nethusi(Cu) powder., nickel(Ni) powder, silver-coated copper powder, carbon nanotubes, graphene, nano ATO, njll.

2.1I-carbon nanotubes(CNTs)

Ama-nanotubes e-Carbon ane-aspect ratio enkulu, izici ezinhle kakhulu zikagesi, kazibuthe, futhi abonise ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu ekuqhubeni, ukumunca kanye nokuvikela.Ngakho-ke, ucwaningo nokuthuthukiswa kwama-carbon nanotubes njengama-conductive fillers we-electromagnetic shielding coatings sekuye kwathandwa kakhulu.Lokhu kubeka izidingo eziphezulu ekuhlanzekeni, ekukhiqizeni, nasezindlekweni zama-carbon nanotubes.Ama-carbon nanotubes akhiqizwe ngu-Hongwu Nano, okuhlanganisa anodonga olulodwa futhi anezindonga eziningi, anobumsulwa obufika ku-99%.Ukuthi ama-carbon nanotubes ahlakazekile ku-resin ye-matrix nokuthi anobudlelwane obuhle ne-matrix resin iba yisici esiqondile esithinta ukusebenza kokuvikela.I-Hongwu Nano iphinde inikeze isisombululo sokuhlakazwa kwe-carbon nanotube.

2.2 I-Flake impushana esiliva enobukhulu obuphansi obubonakalayo

I-conductive coating yokuqala eyanyatheliswa yayiyilungelo lobunikazi elakhishwa yi-United States ngo-1948 elenza isiliva ne-epoxy resin yaba ingcina enamathelayo.Upende ovikela ugesi olungiselelwe ngezimpushana zesiliva ezigayiwe ze-flake ezikhiqizwe yi-Hongwu Nano unezici zokumelana okuphansi, ukusebenza kahle, ukusebenza kahle kokuvikela, ukubekezelela okuqinile kwemvelo, kanye nokwakhiwa okulula.Zisetshenziswa kabanzi kwezokuxhumana, zikagesi, kwezokwelapha, emkhathini, ezindaweni zenuzi nakweminye imikhakha.Upende ovikelayo ubuye ulungele ukumbozwa ngaphezulu kwe-ABS, i-PC, i-ABS-PCPS namanye amapulasitiki obunjiniyela.Izinkomba zokusebenza ezihlanganisa ukumelana nokugqoka, ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu nokuphansi, umswakama nokumelana nokushisa, ukunamathela, ukumelana nogesi, ukuhambisana kwe-electromagnetic, njll. kungafinyelela izinga.

2.3 Impushana yethusi ne-nickel powder

Upende we-Copper powder conductive unezindleko eziphansi futhi kulula ukuwupenda, futhi unomphumela omuhle wokuvikela i-electromagnetic, futhi ngaleyo ndlela usetshenziswa kabanzi.Ifaneleka ngokukhethekile ukuphazamiseka kwegagasi lokulwa nogesi kwemikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi enamapulasitiki obunjiniyela njengegobolondo, ngoba upende we-copper powder conductive ungafuthwa noma ubhulashwe kalula.Izingxenye zepulasitiki zomumo ohlukahlukene zenziwe ngensimbi ukuze zakhe ungqimba oluqhutshwayo lokuvikela i-electromagnetic, ukuze ipulasitiki ifinyelele inhloso yokuvikela amagagasi kagesi.I-morphology kanye nenani le-powder yethusi kunethonya elikhulu ekuqhubeni kokugqoka.Impushana yethusi inomumo oyindilinga, i-dendritic, kanye ne-flake.Umumo we-flake unendawo yokuxhumana enkulu kakhulu kunomumo oyindilinga futhi ubonisa ukuqhutshwa okungcono.Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-powder yethusi (impushana yethusi ehlanganiswe nesiliva) ihlanganiswe ne-metallic silver powder engasebenzi, okungelula ukuyikhipha i-oxidize, futhi okuqukethwe kwesiliva ngokuvamile ku-5-30%.I-Copper powder conductive coating isetshenziselwa ukuxazulula ukuvikelwa kwe-electromagnetic kwe-ABS, i-PPO, i-PS namanye amapulasitiki wobunjiniyela kanye nokhuni Futhi ukuqhutshwa kukagesi, kunohlu olubanzi lwesicelo kanye nenani lokuphromotha.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, imiphumela yokulinganisa ukusebenza kahle kokuvikela i-electromagnetic ye-nano nickel powder kanye nezingubo zokuvikela i-electromagnetic ezixutshwe ne-nano ne-micron nickel powder zibonisa ukuthi ukungezwa kwezinhlayiyana ze-nano Ni kunganciphisa ukusebenza kahle kokuvikela ugesi, kodwa kungakhuphula ukulahleka kokumuncwa.I-tangent yokulahlekelwa kazibuthe iyancipha, kanye nokulimala kwemvelo, okokusebenza kanye nempilo yabantu okubangelwa amagagasi kagesi.

2.4 I-Nano Tin Antimony Oxide (ATO)

I-Nano ATO powder, njengesigcwalisi esiyingqayizivele, inokubili obala okuphezulu nokusebenza kahle, kanye nohlu olubanzi lwezinhlelo zokusebenza emikhakheni yokubonisa izinto zokumboza, ama-conductive antistatic coatings, kanye nama-thermal insulation coatings asobala.Phakathi kwezinto zokumboza zokubonisa zamadivayisi we-optoelectronic, izinto ze-nano ATO zinemisebenzi yokulwa ne-static, i-anti-glare kanye ne-anti-radiation, futhi zaqale zasetshenziswa njengezinto zokumboza zokuvikela ugesi.Izinto zokumboza ze-ATO nano zinokucaca okuhle kombala okhanyayo, ukuhamba kahle kukagesi, amandla emishini nokuzinza, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwazo kokubonisa amadivayisi kungenye yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezibaluleke kakhulu zezimboni zezinto ze-ATO njengamanje.Amadivayisi we-Electrochromic (njengezibonisi noma amawindi ahlakaniphile) okwamanje ayingxenye ebalulekile yezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-nano-ATO endaweni yokubonisa.

2.5 I-graphene

Njengohlobo olusha lwe-carbon material, i-graphene maningi amathuba okuthi ibe uhlobo olusha lwe-electromagnetic shielding noma into emunca i-microwave kunama-carbon nanotubes.Izizathu eziyinhloko zihlanganisa izici ezilandelayo:

①I-Graphene iyifilimu eyisicaba ene-hexagonal eyakhiwe ama-athomu ekhabhoni, into enezinhlangothi ezimbili enogqinsi lwe-athomu yekhabhoni eyodwa;

②I-Graphene iyi-nanomaterial encane futhi enzima kakhulu emhlabeni;

③I-thermal conductivity iphakeme kunaleyo ye-carbon nanotubes namadayimane, ifinyelela cishe ku-5 300W/m•K;

④I-Graphene iwumsebenzi onokumelana okuncane kakhulu emhlabeni, kuphela 10-6Ω•cm;

⑤Ukuhamba kwe-electron ye-graphene kuzinga lokushisa kwegumbi kungaphezulu kwalokho kwe-carbon nanotubes noma amakristalu e-silicon, adlula 15 000 cm2/V•s.Uma iqhathaniswa nezinto ezisetshenziswayo zendabuko, i-graphene ingakwazi ukweqa imikhawulo yasekuqaleni futhi ibe isimunyisi esisha esisebenzayo ukuze ihlangabezane nezidingo zokumuncwa.Izinto ze-Wave zinezidingo "ezincane, ezikhanyayo, ezibanzi neziqinile".

Ukuthuthukiswa kokuvikela kazibuthe kanye nokusebenza kwempahla emuncayo kuncike kokuqukethwe i-ejenti emuncayo, ukusebenza kwe-ejenti emuncayo kanye nokumatanisa okuhle kwe-impedance ye-substrate emuncayo.I-graphene ayigcini nje ngokuba nesakhiwo somzimba esiyingqayizivele kanye nezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zemishini ne-electromagnetic, kodwa futhi inezindawo ezinhle zokumunca ama-microwave.Ngemva kokuba ihlanganiswe ne-nanoparticles kazibuthe, uhlobo olusha lwezinto ezimuncayo lungatholakala, olunokulahlekelwa kokubili kazibuthe nogesi.Futhi inamathemba amahle okusebenza emkhakheni wokuvikela i-electromagnetic kanye nokumuncwa kwe-microwave.

Okwezinto ezingenhla ezivamile zokuvikela i-electromagnetic shielding nano powders, womabili atholakala ngabakwa-Hongwu Nano ngezinga elizinzile nelihle.