Njengommeleli omkhulu we-nanomaterial one-dimensional,ama-carbon nanotubes anodonga olulodwa(ama-SWCNTs) anezakhiwo eziningi ezinhle kakhulu zomzimba namakhemikhali.Ngocwaningo olujulile oluqhubekayo mayelana nesisekelo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-carbon nanotubes enodonga olulodwa, baye babonisa amathuba okusebenza okubanzi emikhakheni eminingi, okuhlanganisa amadivaysi kagesi we-nano, izithuthukisi zezinto ezihlanganisiwe, imidiya yokugcina amandla, ama-catalyst kanye nabathwali be-catalyst, izinzwa, insimu. ama-emitters, amafilimu e-conductive, izinto ze-bio-nano, njll, ezinye zazo esezifezile izinhlelo zokusebenza zezimboni.

Izici zemishini zama-carbon nanotubes anodonga olulodwa

Ama-athomu ekhabhoni ama-carbon nanotubes anodonga olulodwa ahlanganiswe namabhondi aqinile e-CC.Kucatshangelwa kusukela esakhiweni ukuthi banamandla aphezulu e-axial, i-bremsstrahlung ne-elastic modulus.Abacwaningi balinganise imvamisa yokudlidliza yesiphetho samahhala sama-CNT futhi bathola ukuthi i-Young's modulus ye-carbon nanotubes ingafinyelela ku-1Tpa, ecishe ilingane ne-Young's modulus yedayimane, cishe izikhathi ezi-5 kunensimbi.Ama-SWCNTs anamandla amakhulu kakhulu e-axial, cishe izikhathi eziyi-100 kunawensimbi;uhlobo olunwebekayo lwe-carbon nanotubes enodonga olulodwa luyi-5%, lufika ku-12%, okuphindwe izikhathi ezingu-60 kunensimbi.I-CNT inokuqina okuhle kakhulu nokugoba.

I-carbon nanotubes enodonga olulodwa ayiziqinisekiso ezinhle kakhulu zezinto eziyinhlanganisela, ezingadlulisela izakhiwo zazo ezinhle kakhulu zokusebenza ezintweni eziyinhlanganisela, ukuze izinto eziyinhlanganisela zibonise amandla, ukuqina, ukunwebeka kanye nokumelana nokukhathala ezingenakho ekuqaleni.Mayelana nama-nanoprobes, ama-carbon nanotubes angasetshenziswa ukwenza amathiphu okuhlola ukuskena ngokulungiswa okuphezulu nokujula okukhulu kokutholwa.

Izakhiwo zikagesi ze-carbon nanotubes enodonga olulodwa

Ukwakheka kwe-spiral tubular ye-carbon nanotubes enodonga olulodwa inquma izici zayo eziyingqayizivele nezinhle kakhulu zikagesi.Ucwaningo lwethiyori luye lwabonisa ukuthi ngenxa yokuthuthwa kwe-ballistic yama-electron ku-carbon nanotubes, umthamo wamanje wokuthwala wawo uphakeme njengo-109A/cm2, okuyizikhathi eziyi-1000 eziphakeme kunezethusi ezine-conductivity enhle.Ububanzi be-carbon nanotube enodonga olulodwa cishe bungu-2nm, futhi ukunyakaza kwama-electron kuyo kunokuziphatha kwe-quantum.Ithintwa i-quantum physics, njengoba i-diameter ne-spiral mode ye-SWCNT ishintsha, igebe lamandla ebhendi ye-valence kanye nebhendi yokuqhuba ingashintshwa isuke cishe ku-zero iye ku-1eV, ukuqhutshwa kwayo kungaba yinsimbi kanye ne-semiconducting, ngakho-ke ukuqhutshwa kwe-carbon nanotubes kungashintsha. ukulungiswa ngokushintsha i-engeli ye-chirality kanye nobubanzi.Kuze kube manje, ayikho enye into eye yatholakala ifana ne-carbon nanotubes enodonga olulodwa engakwazi ngokufanayo ukulungisa igebe lamandla ngokumane iguqule ukuhlelwa kwama-athomu.

Ama-nanotubes e-carbon, njenge-graphite nedayimane, angama-conductor amahle kakhulu ashisayo.Njenge-conductivity yawo kagesi, ama-carbon nanotubes nawo ane-axial thermal conductivity enhle kakhulu futhi ayizinto ezifanele zokuhambisa ezishisayo.Izibalo zethiyori zibonisa ukuthi i-carbon nanotube (CNT) yokushisa ukushisa inomzila omkhulu wamahhala wamaphononi, amaphononi angadluliselwa ngokushelela eduze kwepayipi, futhi ukuqhutshwa kwe-axial thermal conductivity cishe ku-6600W/m•K noma ngaphezulu, efana i-thermal conductivity ye-graphene yesendlalelo esisodwa.Abacwaningi balinganise ukuthi izinga lokushisa legumbi le-thermal conductivity ye-carbon nanotube enodonga olulodwa (SWCNT) iseduze no-3500W/m•K, enkulu kakhulu kunaleyo yedayimane ne-graphite (~2000W/m•K).Nakuba ukusebenza kokushintshaniswa kokushisa kwe-carbon nanotubes ohlangothini lwe-axial kuphezulu kakhulu, ukusebenza kwawo kokushintshanisa ukushisa endaweni eqondile kuphansi ngokuqhathaniswa, futhi ama-carbon nanotubes anqunyelwe izakhiwo zawo zejometri, futhi izinga lawo lokunweba licishe libe ziro, ngakho-ke ngisho nabaningi. ama-carbon nanotubes ahlanganiswe abe yinqwaba, ukushisa ngeke kudluliselwe ku-carbon nanotube eyodwa kuya kwenye.

I-thermal conductivity enhle kakhulu ye-carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) enodonga olulodwa ibhekwa njengento enhle kakhulu yendawo yokuxhumana yamarediyetha esizukulwane esilandelayo, okungawenza abe yi-ejenti yokuqhuba okushisayo yama-radiator e-CPU chip esikhathini esizayo.Irediyetha ye-carbon nanotube CPU, indawo yayo yokuxhumana ne-CPU yenziwe ngokuphelele nge-carbon nanotubes, inomoya oshisayo ophindwe izikhathi ezi-5 kunezinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zethusi.Ngasikhathi sinye, ama-carbon nanotubes anodonga olulodwa anamathuba amahle okusebenza ezintweni ezihlanganisiwe ze-thermal conductivity futhi angasetshenziswa ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene zokushisa okuphezulu njengezinjini namarokhethi.

Izakhiwo zokubuka ze-carbon nanotubes enodonga olulodwa

Isakhiwo esiyingqayizivele se-carbon nanotubes enodonga olulodwa sidale izici zayo eziyingqayizivele ze-optical.I-Raman spectroscopy, i-fluorescence spectroscopy kanye ne-ultraviolet-visible-near infrared spectroscopy zisetshenziswe kabanzi ocwaningweni lwezindawo zayo zokubona.I-Raman spectroscopy iyithuluzi elivame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu lokuthola ama-carbon nanotubes anodonga olulodwa.Imodi yokudlidliza eyisici yemodi yokudlidliza enodonga olulodwa ye-carbon nanotubes ring breathing vibration (RBM) ivela cishe ku-200nm.I-RBM ingasetshenziselwa ukunquma i-microstructure ye-carbon nanotubes nokunquma ukuthi ingabe isampula iqukethe ama-carbon nanotubes anodonga olulodwa.

Izakhiwo zikaZibuthe ze-carbon nanotubes enodonga olulodwa

Ama-nanotubes e-carbon anezinto eziyingqayizivele kazibuthe, eziyi-anisotropic ne-diamagnetic, futhi zingasetshenziswa njengezinto ezithambile ze-ferromagnetic.Amanye ama-carbon nanotubes anodonga olulodwa anezakhiwo ezithile nawo ane-superconductivity futhi angasetshenziswa njengezintambo ezinkulu.

Ukusebenza kwesitoreji segesi sama-carbon nanotubes anodonga olulodwa

Isakhiwo se-tubula esinohlangothi olulodwa kanye nesilinganiso esikhulu sobude kuya kububanzi be-carbon nanotubes enodonga olulodwa kwenza i-hollow tube cavity ibe nomphumela oqinile we-capillary, ukuze ibe ne-adsorption eyingqayizivele, isitoreji segesi kanye nezici zokungena.Ngokwemibiko ekhona yocwaningo, ama-carbon nanotubes anodonga olulodwa ayizinto zokukhangisa ezinomthamo omkhulu we-hydrogen wokugcina, ezedlula kude ezinye izinto zendabuko zokugcina i-hydrogen, futhi azosiza ukukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwamaseli e-hydrogen fuel.

Umsebenzi we-catalytic wama-carbon nanotubes anodonga olulodwa

I-carbon nanotubes enodonga olulodwa inokuhamba kahle kwe-elekthronikhi, ukuqina kwamakhemikhali aphezulu kanye nendawo enkulu ethize (SSA).Angasetshenziswa njengama-catalyst noma abathwali be-catalyst, futhi abe nomsebenzi ophezulu we-catalytic.Akunandaba ku-catalysis yendabuko ye-heterogeneous, noma ku-electrocatalysis ne-photocatalysis, ama-carbon nanotubes anodonga olulodwa abonise amandla amakhulu okusebenza.

I-Guangzhou Hongwu ihlinzeka ngama-nanotube ekhabhoni anezindonga ezisezingeni eliphakeme nezinzile anobude obuhlukene, ubumsulwa(91-99%), izinhlobo ezisebenzayo.Futhi ukuhlakazwa kungenziwa egcizelele.